KJV: And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his cross.
YLT: And they impress a certain one passing by -- Simon, a Cyrenian, coming from the field, the father of Alexander and Rufus -- that he may bear his cross,
Darby: And they compel to go with them a certain passer-by, Simon, a Cyrenian, coming from the field, the father of Alexander and Rufus, that he might carry his cross.
ASV: And they compel one passing by, Simon of Cyrene, coming from the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to go with them , that he might bear his cross.
ἀγγαρεύουσιν | they compel |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἀγγαρεύω Sense: to employ a courier, dispatch a mounted messenger, press into public service, compel to go. |
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παράγοντά | passing by |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: παράγω Sense: pass by. |
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τινα | one |
Parse: Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: τὶς Sense: a certain, a certain one. |
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Σίμωνα | Simon |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Σίμων Sense: Peter was one of the apostles. |
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Κυρηναῖον | of Cyrene |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Κυρεῖνος Sense: a native of Cyrene. |
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ἐρχόμενον | coming |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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ἀγροῦ | the country |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ἀγρός Sense: land. |
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πατέρα | father |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: προπάτωρ Sense: generator or male ancestor. |
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Ἀλεξάνδρου | of Alexander |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ἀλέξανδρος Sense: son of Simon of Cyrene who carried Jesus’s cross, Mk 5:2. |
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Ῥούφου | Rufus |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ῥοῦφος Sense: name of a certain Christian. |
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ἵνα | that |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ἵνα Sense: that, in order that, so that. |
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ἄρῃ | he might carry |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: αἴρω Sense: to raise up, elevate, lift up. |
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σταυρὸν | cross |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: σταυρός Sense: an upright stake, esp. |
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αὐτοῦ | of Him |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
Greek Commentary for Mark 15:21
Dramatic present indicative again where Matthew 27:32 has the aorist. For this Persian word see Matthew 5:41; Matthew 27:32. [source]
Hence Simon met the procession. Mark adds that he was “the father of Alexander and Rufus.” Paul mentions a Rufus in Romans 16:13, but it was a common name and proves nothing. See note on Matthew 27:32 for discussion of cross-bearing by criminals. Luke adds “after Jesus” But Jesus bore his own cross till he was relieved of it, and he walked in front of his own cross for the rest of the way. [source]
Better impress, as Rev. See on in margin. Matthew 5:41. Note the accuracy in designating Simon. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Mark 15:21
Second aorist middle participle of the common verb επιλαμβανω epilambanō The soldiers had no scruples about taking hold of any one of themselves (middle voice). Mark 15:21; Matthew 27:32 use the technical word for this process αγγαρευω aggareuō which see note for discussion and also about Cyrene. [source]
The best texts read αὑτῷ or ἑαυτῷ , “bearing the cross for Himself.” John does not mention the impressment of Simon of Cyrene for this service. Compare Matthew 27:32; Mark 15:21; Luke 23:26. [source]
Cf. Luke 14:27 for this very picture in the words of Jesus. The dative case of the reflexive pronoun αυτωι hautōi “for himself” is in strict accord with Roman custom. “A criminal condemned to be crucified was required to carry his own cross” (Bernard). But apparently Jesus under the strain of the night before and the anguish of heart within him gave out so that Simon of Cyrene was impressed to carry it for Jesus (Mark 15:21.; Matthew 27:32.; Luke 23:26). See Mark 15:22.; Matthew 27:33.; Luke 23:33 for the meaning of “place of a skull” or Calvary and Golgotha in Hebrew (Aramaic). Luke has simply Κρανιον Kranion (Skull), a skull-looking place. [source]
Meaning red. Possibly the son of Simon of Cyrene, Mark 15:21. Mark probably wrote in Rome. [source]
A very common slave name, possibly the Rufus of Mark 15:21. The word means “red.” [source]