KJV: And it came to pass, that he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and his disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of corn.
YLT: And it came to pass -- he is going along on the sabbaths through the corn-fields -- and his disciples began to make a way, plucking the ears,
Darby: And it came to pass that he went on the sabbath through the cornfields; and his disciples began to walk on, plucking the ears.
ASV: And it came to pass, that he was going on the sabbath day through the grainfields; and his disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears.
| ἐγένετο | it came to pass |
|
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: γίνομαι Sense: to become, i. |
|
| σάββασιν | Sabbaths |
|
Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Plural Root: σάββατον Sense: the seventh day of each week which was a sacred festival on which the Israelites were required to abstain from all work. |
|
| παραπορεύεσθαι | is passing |
|
Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: παραπορεύομαι Sense: to proceed at the side, go past, pass by. |
|
| διὰ | through |
|
Parse: Preposition Root: διά Sense: through. |
|
| σπορίμων | grainfields |
|
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: σπόριμος Sense: fit for sowing, sown. |
|
| μαθηταὶ | disciples |
|
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: μαθητής Sense: a learner, pupil, disciple. |
|
| αὐτοῦ | of Him |
|
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
|
| ἤρξαντο | began |
|
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἄρχω Sense: to be the first to do (anything), to begin. |
|
| ὁδὸν | [their] way |
|
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὁδός Sense: properly. |
|
| ποιεῖν | to make |
|
Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Active Root: ποιέω Sense: to make. |
|
| τίλλοντες | plucking |
|
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: τίλλω Sense: to pluck, pluck off. |
|
| στάχυας | heads of grain |
|
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: στάχυσ1 Sense: an ear of corn or of growing grain. |
|
Greek Commentary for Mark 2:23
See note on Matthew 12:1. So Matthew and Luke 6:1. But Mark uses paraporeuesthai to go along beside, unless diaporeuesthai (BCD) is accepted. Perhaps now on the edge, now within the grain. Mark uses also παραπορευεσται hodon poiein to make a way like the Latin iter facere, as if through the standing grain, plucking the ears Work of preparing food the rabbis called it. The margin of the Revised Version has it correctly: They began to make their way plucking the ears of corn (grain, wheat or barley, we should say). See notes on Matthew 12:1-8 for discussion of this passage, parallel also in Luke 6:15. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Mark 2:23
Rev., was going. Compare παραπορεύεσθαι , went along beside- Mark 2:23. [source]
Imperfect; were plucking, as they walked. In classical Greek the word is used mostly of pulling out hair or feathers. See on Mark 2:23. [source]
Imperfect active. They were plucking as they went on through Whether wheat or barley, we do not know, not our “corn” (maize).Did eat (ηστιον ēsthion). Imperfect again. See Matthew 12:1. and notes on Mark 2:23. for the separate acts in supposed violence of the sabbath laws.Rubbing them in their hands Only in Luke and only here in the N.T. This was one of the chief offences. “According to Rabbinical notions, it was reaping, threshing, winnowing, and preparing food all at once” (Plummer). These Pharisees were straining out gnats and swallowing camels! This verb psōchō is a late one for πσωχοντες ταις χερσιν psaō to rub. [source]
Imperfect again. See Matthew 12:1. and notes on Mark 2:23. for the separate acts in supposed violence of the sabbath laws. [source]
Second aorist active participle of λαμβανω lambanō Not in Mark and Matthew. See notes on Matthew 12:1-8 and notes on Mark 2:23-28 for discussion of details about the shewbread and the five arguments in defence of his conduct on the sabbath (example of David, work of the priests on the sabbath, prophecy of Hosea 6:6, purpose of the sabbath for man, the Son of Man lord of the sabbath). It was an overwhelming and crushing reply to these pettifogging ceremonialists to which they could not reply, but which increased their anger. Codex D transfers Luke 6:5 to after Luke 6:10 and puts here the following: “On the same day beholding one working on the sabbath he said to him: Man, if you know what you are doing, happy are you; but if you do not know, cursed are you and a transgressor of the law.” [source]
The same distinction in tenses in the same verbs preserved, punctiliar action in ηρε ēre (first aorist active of αιρω airō took it up at once) and linear act (imperfect active of περιπατεω peripateō went on walking). The sabbath on that day The first of the violations of the Sabbath rules of the Jews by Jesus in Jerusalem that led to so much bitterness (cf. John 9:14, John 9:16). This controversy will spread to Galilee on Christ‘s return there (Mark 2:23-3:6; Matthew 12:1-14; Luke 6:1-11). [source]
Inchoative imperfect, “began to persecute” and kept it up. They took this occasion as one excuse They disliked Jesus when here first (John 2:18) and were suspicious of his popularity (John 4:1). Now they have cause for an open breach. Because he did Imperfect active, not just this one act, but he was becoming a regular Sabbath-breaker. The Pharisees will watch his conduct on the Sabbath henceforth (Mark 2:23; Mark 3:2). [source]