The Meaning of Matthew 20:19 Explained

Matthew 20:19

KJV: And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him: and the third day he shall rise again.

YLT: and they shall condemn him to death, and shall deliver him to the nations to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify, and the third day he will rise again.'

Darby: and they will deliver him up to the nations to mock and to scourge and to crucify, and the third day he shall rise again.

ASV: and shall deliver him unto the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify: and the third day he shall be raised up.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And  shall deliver  him  to the Gentiles  to  mock,  and  to scourge,  and  to crucify  [him]: and  the third  day  he shall rise again. 

What does Matthew 20:19 Mean?

Context Summary

Matthew 20:17-28 - Serving Nobler Than Self-Seeking
For the third time our Lord foretells His death. In Matthew 16:21, He dwelt especially on the shame of His rejection; in Matthew 17:23, He told how the gates of death would open on the Easter joy. Now He declares the method of His death, and tells how Gentiles would join with His own people in the tragedy of the Cross. He was no martyr, who went unknowing to his doom. He set His face to go to the Cross. Others die because they were born; He was born that He might die.
Many desire the power of the throne, without being prepared to pay the price of suffering. Others say glibly and easily, We can, little realizing what their choice involves, and that nothing but the grace of God can make their vow possible of fulfillment. But it is sufficient! Only claim it. God will not fail you! Notice Matthew 20:28. The Lord ministers to us all, daily, patiently, lovingly. He took on Him the form of a servant and became obedient. Serve all men for His sake! We have to go down to reach His side. [source]

Chapter Summary: Matthew 20

1  Jesus, by the parable of the laborers in the vineyard, shows that God is debtor unto no man;
17  foretells his passion;
20  by answering the mother of Zebedee's children, teaches his disciples to be humble;
29  and gives two blind men their sight

Greek Commentary for Matthew 20:19

And to crucify [και σταυρωσαι]
The very word now. The details fall on deaf ears, even the point of the resurrection on the third day. [source]

Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 20:19

Matthew 27:32 His cross [τον σταυρον αυτου]
Jesus had used the term cross about himself (Matthew 16:24). It was a familiar enough picture under Roman rule. Jesus had long foreseen and foretold this horrible form of death for himself (Matthew 20:19; Matthew 23:24; Matthew 26:2). He had heard the cry of the mob to Pilate that he be crucified (Matthew 27:22) and Pilate‘s surrender (Matthew 27:26) and he was on the way to the Cross (Matthew 27:31). There were various kinds of crosses and we do not know precisely the shape of the Cross on which Jesus was crucified, though probably the one usually presented is correct. Usually the victim was nailed (hands and feet) to the cross before it was raised and it was not very high. The crucifixion was done by the soldiers (Matthew 27:35) in charge and two robbers were crucified on each side of Jesus, three crosses standing in a row (Matthew 27:38). [source]
Luke 18:33 The third day [τηι ημεραι τηι τριτηι]
The day the third. In Matthew 20:19 it is “the third day” while in Mark 10:34 “after three days” occurs in the same sense, which see. [source]
John 18:32 By what death [ποίῳ θανάτῳ]
More correctly, by what manner of death. So Rev. Compare John 12:32; Matthew 20:19. Crucifixion was not a Jewish punishment. [source]
John 19:6 Crucify him, crucify him [σταυρωσον σταυρωσον]
First aorist active imperative of εγω γαρ ουχ ευρισκω — stauroō for which verb see Matthew 20:19, etc. Here the note of urgency (aorist imperative) with no word for “him,” as they were led by the chief priests and the temple police till the whole mob takes it up (Matthew 27:22). For I find no crime in him (γαρ — egō gar ouch heuriskō). This is the third time Pilate has rendered his opinion of Christ‘s innocence (John 18:38; John 19:4). And here he surrenders in a fret to the mob and gives as his reason (gar for) for his surrender the innocence of Jesus (the strangest judicial decision ever rendered). Perhaps Pilate was only franker than some judges! [source]
Acts 21:11 Paul‘s girdle [την ζωνην του Παυλου]
Old word from ζωννυμι — zōnnumi to gird. See note on Acts 12:8. His own feet and hands (εαυτου τους ποδας και τας χειρας — heautou tous podas kai tas cheiras). Basis for the interpretation. Old Testament prophets often employed symbolic deeds (1 Kings 22:11; James 2:2; Jeremiah 13:1-7; Ezekiel 4:1-6). Jesus interpreted the symbolism of Peter‘s girding himself (John 21:18). So As Agabus had bound himself. Agabus was just from Jerusalem and probably knew the feeling there against Paul. At any rate the Holy Spirit revealed it to him as he claims. Shall deliver (παραδωσουσιν — paradōsousin). Like the words of Jesus about himself (Matthew 20:19). He was “delivered” into the hands of the Gentiles and it took five years to get out of those hands. [source]
Acts 21:11 So [ουτως]
As Agabus had bound himself. Agabus was just from Jerusalem and probably knew the feeling there against Paul. At any rate the Holy Spirit revealed it to him as he claims. Shall deliver (παραδωσουσιν — paradōsousin). Like the words of Jesus about himself (Matthew 20:19). He was “delivered” into the hands of the Gentiles and it took five years to get out of those hands. [source]
Acts 21:11 Shall deliver [παραδωσουσιν]
Like the words of Jesus about himself (Matthew 20:19). He was “delivered” into the hands of the Gentiles and it took five years to get out of those hands. [source]
Galatians 3:1 Before whose eyes Jesus Christ was openly set forth crucified [οις κατ οπταλμους Ιησους Χριστος προεγραπη εσταυρωμενος]
Literally, “to whom before your very eyes Jesus Christ was portrayed as crucified.” Second aorist passive indicative of προγραπω — prographō old verb to write beforehand, to set forth by public proclamation, to placard, to post up. This last idea is found in several papyri (Moulton and Milligan‘s Vocabulary) as in the case of a father who posted a proclamation that he would no longer be responsible for his son‘s debts. Γραπω — Graphō was sometimes used in the sense of painting, but no example of προγραπω — prographō with this meaning has been found unless this is one. With that idea it would be to portray, to picture forth, a rendering not very different from placarding. The foolish Galatians were without excuse when they fell under the spell of the Judaizer. Εσταυρωμενος — Estaurōmenos is perfect passive participle of σταυροω — stauroō the common verb to crucify (from σταυρος — stauros stake, cross), to put on the cross (Matthew 20:19), same form as in 1 Corinthians 2:2. [source]
Hebrews 11:36 Of mockings and scourgings [εμπαιγμων και μαστιγων]
Εμπαιγμος — Empaigmos is from εμπαιζω — empaizō (Matthew 20:19), late word, in lxx, here alone in N.T. Μαστιγων — Mastigōn (μαστιχ — mastix a whip, a scourge) is old and common enough (Acts 22:24). [source]

What do the individual words in Matthew 20:19 mean?

and they will betray Him the Gentiles unto - to mock to flog to crucify the third day He will rise again
καὶ παραδώσουσιν αὐτὸν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν εἰς τὸ ἐμπαῖξαι μαστιγῶσαι σταυρῶσαι τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθήσεται

παραδώσουσιν  they  will  betray 
Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural
Root: παραδίδωμι  
Sense: to give into the hands (of another).
ἔθνεσιν  Gentiles 
Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Plural
Root: ἔθνος  
Sense: a multitude (whether of men or of beasts) associated or living together.
εἰς  unto 
Parse: Preposition
Root: εἰς  
Sense: into, unto, to, towards, for, among.
τὸ  - 
Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular
Root:  
Sense: this, that, these, etc.
ἐμπαῖξαι  to  mock 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active
Root: ἐμπαίζω  
Sense: to play with, trifle with.
μαστιγῶσαι  to  flog 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active
Root: μαστιγόω  
Sense: to scourge.
σταυρῶσαι  to  crucify 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active
Root: σταυρόω  
Sense: to stake, drive down stakes.
τρίτῃ  third 
Parse: Adjective, Dative Feminine Singular
Root: τρίτον 
Sense: the third.
ἡμέρᾳ  day 
Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular
Root: ἡμέρα  
Sense: the day, used of the natural day, or the interval between sunrise and sunset, as distinguished from and contrasted with the night.
ἐγερθήσεται  He  will  rise  again 
Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Root: ἐγείρω  
Sense: to arouse, cause to rise.