KJV: The people which sat in darkness saw great light; and to them which sat in the region and shadow of death light is sprung up.
YLT: the people that is sitting in darkness saw a great light, and to those sitting in a region and shadow of death -- light arose to them.'
Darby: the people sitting in darkness has seen a great light, and to those sitting in the country and shadow of death, to them has light sprung up.
ASV: The people that sat in darkness Saw a great light, And to them that sat in the region and shadow of death, To them did light spring up.
| λαὸς | people |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: λαός Sense: a people, people group, tribe, nation, all those who are of the same stock and language. |
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| ὁ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| καθήμενος | sitting |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: κάθημαι Sense: to sit down, seat one’s self. |
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| σκοτίᾳ | darkness |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: σκοτία Sense: darkness. |
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| φῶς | a light |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: φῶς Sense: light. |
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| εἶδεν | have seen |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἶδον Sense: to see with the eyes. |
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| μέγα | great |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: μέγας Sense: great. |
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| τοῖς | to those |
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Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| καθημένοις | sitting |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Dative Masculine Plural Root: κάθημαι Sense: to sit down, seat one’s self. |
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| ἐν | in [the] |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐν Sense: in, by, with etc. |
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| χώρᾳ | land |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: χώρα Sense: the space lying between two places or limits. |
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| σκιᾷ | shadow |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: σκιά Sense: shadow. |
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| θανάτου | of death |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: θάνατος Sense: the death of the body. |
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| φῶς | a light |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: φῶς Sense: light. |
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| ἀνέτειλεν | has dawned |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀνατέλλω Sense: rise. |
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| αὐτοῖς | on them |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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Greek Commentary for Matthew 4:16
Matthew quotes Isaiah 9:1., and applies the words about the deliverer from Assyria to the Messiah. “The same district lay in spiritual darkness and death and the new era dawned when Christ went thither” (McNeile). Light sprang up from those who were sitting in the region and shadow of death Death is personified. [source]
Wyc., dwelt. The article with the participle (lit., the people, the one sitting ) signifying something characteristic or habitual' the people whose characteristic it was to sit in darkness. This thought is emphasized by repetition in a stronger form; sitting in the region and shadow of Death. Death is personified. This land, whose inhabitants are spiritually dead, belongs to Death as the realm of his government. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 4:16
Literally,the rising. Some commentators prefer to render at its rising, or when it rose. In Luke 1:78, the word is translated dayspring, or dawn. The kindred verb occurs in Matthew 4:16, “light did spring up ” ( ἀνέτειλεν ) [source]
See Psalm 107:10, where darkness and shadow of death are combined as here. Cf. also Isaiah 9:1. See note on Matthew 4:16. To guide Genitive of the articular infinitive of purpose. The light will enable them in the dark to see how to walk in a straight path that leads to “the way of peace.” We are still on that road, but so many stumble for lack of light, men and nations. [source]
More correctly, sons of light. See on Mark 3:17, and comp. Luke 16:8; John 12:36; Ephesians 5:8; Colossians 1:12. The Christian condition is habitually associated in N.T. with light: see Matthew 5:14, Matthew 5:16; John 3:21; John 8:12; Acts 26:18; 1 Peter 2:9; 1 John 1:7. The contrary condition with darkness: see John 3:19, John 3:20; Ephesians 5:8; 1 Peter 2:9; Matthew 4:16; Matthew 6:23, etc. [source]
Present active indicative of λατρευω latreuō for which verb see note on Matthew 4:10. A copy Dative case after λατρευουσιν latreuousin See note on John 13:15 and note on Hebrews 4:11 for this interesting word. Shadow Dative case. Old word for which see note on Matthew 4:16; note on Mark 4:32; and note on Colossians 2:17. See same idea in Hebrews 9:23. For difference between σκια skia and εικων eikōn see Hebrews 10:1. Here “copy and shadow” form a practical hendiadys for “a shadowy outline” (Moffatt). Is warned of God Perfect passive indicative of χρηματιζω chrēmatizō old verb (from χρημα chrēma business) for which see note on Matthew 2:12, note on Matthew 2:22, and note on Luke 2:26. The word “God” is not used, but it is implied as in Acts 10:22; Hebrews 12:25. So in lxx, Josephus, and the papyri. For saith he Argument from God‘s command (Exodus 25:40). See that thou make Common Greek idiom with present active imperative of οραω horaō and the volitive future of ποιεω poieō without ινα hina (asyndeton, Robertson, Grammar, p. 949). The pattern The very word used in Exodus 25:40 and quoted also by Stephen in Acts 7:44. For τυπος tupos see note on John 20:25; note on Romans 6:17, and etc. The tabernacle was to be patterned after the heavenly model. [source]
Read καθημένους thatsit. So Rev., in margin. Compare Matthew 4:16; Luke 1:79. [source]