KJV: With whom the kings of the earth have committed fornication, and the inhabitants of the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication.
YLT: with whom the kings of the earth did commit whoredom; and made drunk from the wine of her whoredom were those inhabiting the earth;'
Darby: with whom the kings of the earth have committed fornication; and they that dwell on the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication.
ASV: with whom the kings of the earth committed fornication, and they that dwell in the earth were made drunken with the wine of her fornication.
| ἧς | whom |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| ἐπόρνευσαν | have committed sexual immorality |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: πορνεύω Sense: to prostitute one’s body to the lust of another. |
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| βασιλεῖς | kings |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: βασιλεύς Sense: leader of the people, prince, commander, lord of the land, king. |
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| τῆς | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| γῆς | earth |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: γῆ Sense: arable land. |
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| ἐμεθύσθησαν | have been made drunk |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: μεθύσκω Sense: to intoxicate, make drunk. |
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| οἱ | those that |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| κατοικοῦντες | dwelling |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: κατοικέω Sense: to dwell, settle. |
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| τὴν | on the |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| γῆν | earth |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: γῆ Sense: arable land. |
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| οἴνου | wine |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: οἶνος Sense: wine. |
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| πορνείας | sexual immorality |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: πορνεία Sense: illicit sexual intercourse. |
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| αὐτῆς | of her |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Feminine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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Greek Commentary for Revelation 17:2
Repeated in Revelation 1:5; Revelation 6:15; Revelation 17:18; Revelation 18:3, Revelation 18:9; Revelation 19:19; Revelation 21:24 and “the kings of the inhabited earth” (Revelation 16:14) either for human rulers in general or the vassal kings absorbed by the Roman Empire. [source]
First aorist active indicative of πορνευω porneuō “In purchasing the favour of Rome by accepting her suzerainty and with it her vices and idolatries” (Swete).Were made drunken (εμετυστησαν emethusthēsan). First aorist passive indicative of μετυσκω methuskō old verb (from μετυ methu), as in Luke 12:45, here only in the Apocalypse. Cf. Isaiah 51:7 and πεποτικεν pepotiken in Revelation 14:8. See Revelation 18:3. [source]
First aorist passive indicative of μετυσκω methuskō old verb (from μετυ methu), as in Luke 12:45, here only in the Apocalypse. Cf. Isaiah 51:7 and πεποτικεν pepotiken in Revelation 14:8. See Revelation 18:3. [source]
The figure of a harlot committing fornication with kings and peoples occurs frequently in the prophets, representing the defection of God's Church and its attachment to others. See Isaiah 1:21; Jeremiah 2:20; Jeremiah 3:1, Jeremiah 3:6, Jeremiah 3:8; Ezekiel 16:15, Ezekiel 16:16, Ezekiel 16:28, Ezekiel 16:31, Ezekiel 16:35, Ezekiel 16:41; Ezekiel 23:5, Ezekiel 23:19, Ezekiel 23:44; Hosea 2:5; Hosea 3:3; Hosea 4:14. The word is applied to heathen cities in three places only: to Tyre, Isaiah 23:15, Isaiah 23:16, Isaiah 23:17; to Nineveh, Nahum 3:4; and here. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Revelation 17:2
Prophetic aorist active indicative of πεπτωκεν πεπτωκεν piptō repeated as a solemn dirge announcing the certainty of the fall. The English participle “fallen, fallen” is more musical and rhythmical than the literal rendering “fell, fell.” The language is an echo of Isaiah 21:9, though B in the lxx has αβυλων η μαγαλη peptōkenμεγαλη peptōken (perfect).Babylon the great (αβυλων Babulōn hē magalē). The adjective πεποτικεν megalē occurs with ποτιζω Babulōn each time in the Apocalypse (Revelation 14:8; Revelation 16:19; Revelation 17:5; Revelation 18:2, Revelation 18:10, Revelation 18:21) as a reminder of Nebuchadrezzar. There is no doubt that Rome is meant by Babylon, as is probably seen already in 1 Peter 5:13. As a prisoner in Patmos John can speak his mind by this symbolism.Hath made to drink Perfect active indicative of potizō old causative verb (from potos drinking, 1 Peter 4:3), as in Matthew 25:35. The remarkable phrase that follows seems based on Jeremiah 51:8 (Jeremiah 25:15). It is a combination also of Revelation 14:10 (the wine of God‘s wrath, also in Revelation 16:19; Revelation 19:15) and Revelation 17:2. There is no doubt of the dissoluteness of the old Babylon of Jeremiah‘s day as of the Rome of John‘s time. Rome is pictured as the great courtesan who intoxicates and beguiles the nations to fornication (Revelation 17:2, Revelation 17:4, Revelation 17:6), but the cup of God‘s wrath for her and her paramours is full (Revelation 14:10; Revelation 16:19; Revelation 18:2). [source]
Perfect active indicative of potizō old causative verb (from potos drinking, 1 Peter 4:3), as in Matthew 25:35. The remarkable phrase that follows seems based on Jeremiah 51:8 (Jeremiah 25:15). It is a combination also of Revelation 14:10 (the wine of God‘s wrath, also in Revelation 16:19; Revelation 19:15) and Revelation 17:2. There is no doubt of the dissoluteness of the old Babylon of Jeremiah‘s day as of the Rome of John‘s time. Rome is pictured as the great courtesan who intoxicates and beguiles the nations to fornication (Revelation 17:2, Revelation 17:4, Revelation 17:6), but the cup of God‘s wrath for her and her paramours is full (Revelation 14:10; Revelation 16:19; Revelation 18:2). [source]
Perfect active third personal of πιπτω piptō for usual πεπτωκασι peptōkasi Some MSS. read πεπωκαν pepōkan (have drunk), from πινω pinō like the metaphor in Revelation 14:8, Revelation 14:10; Revelation 16:19; Revelation 17:2. See Revelation 17:2 for the same charge about the kings of the earth.The merchants of the earth (οι εμποροι της γης hoi emporoi tēs gēs). Old word for one on a journey for trade (from εν πορος enεμποριον poros), like drummers, in N.T. only Matthew 13:45; Revelation 18:3, Revelation 18:11, Revelation 18:15, Revelation 18:23. Like εμπορευομαι emporion (John 2:16) and επλουτησαν emporeuomai (James 4:13).Waxed rich First ingressive aorist active indicative of του στρηνους αυτης plouteō to be rich (cf. Revelation 3:17). Here alone in the N.T. do we catch a glimpse of the vast traffic between east and west that made Rome rich.Of her wantonness (στρηνιαω tou strēnous autēs). Late word for arrogance, luxury, here alone in N.T. See strēniaō in Revelation 18:7, Revelation 18:9, to live wantonly. [source]
Future direct middle of κοπτω koptō old verb, to beat, to cut, middle to beat oneself (Revelation 1:7). For combination with κλαιω klaiō as here see Luke 8:52. See Revelation 17:2; Revelation 18:3, Revelation 18:7 for οι πορνευσαντες και στρηνιασαντες hoi porneusantes kai strēniasantes).When they look upon (οταν βλεπωσιν hotan blepōsin). Indefinite temporal clause with οταν hotan and the present active subjunctive of βλεπω blepō smoke of her burning (τον καπνον της πυρωσεως αυτης ton kapnon tēs purōseōs autēs). Πυρωσις Purōsis is an old word (from πυροω puroō to burn), in N.T. only 1 Peter 4:12; Revelation 18:9, Revelation 18:18. See Revelation 18:8 for other plagues on Rome, but fire seems to be the worst (Revelation 17:16; Revelation 18:8, Revelation 18:9, Revelation 18:17; Revelation 19:3). [source]
Second use of οτι hoti explaining the first.He hath judged (εκρινεν ekrinen). First aorist (prophetic and climacteric, effective) active indicative of κρινω krinō (ητις hētis). The very one which.Did corrupt This is the terrible fact. First aorist active indicative of πτειρω phtheirō Cf. Revelation 11:18; Revelation 14:8; Revelation 17:2; Revelation 18:3.And he hath avenged (και εχεδικησεν kai exedikēsen). God has exacted vengeance for the blood of his servants from (εκ ek) her. Prophetic aorist again of εκδικεω ekdikeō with accusative and εκ ek with ablative as in Revelation 6:10. [source]
This is the terrible fact. First aorist active indicative of πτειρω phtheirō Cf. Revelation 11:18; Revelation 14:8; Revelation 17:2; Revelation 18:3.And he hath avenged (και εχεδικησεν kai exedikēsen). God has exacted vengeance for the blood of his servants from (εκ ek) her. Prophetic aorist again of εκδικεω ekdikeō with accusative and εκ ek with ablative as in Revelation 6:10. [source]