KJV: And I heard a voice in the midst of the four beasts say, A measure of wheat for a penny, and three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the wine.
YLT: and I heard a voice in the midst of the four living creatures saying, 'A measure of wheat for a denary, and three measures of barley for a denary,' and 'The oil and the wine thou mayest not injure.'
Darby: And I heard as a voice in the midst of the four living creatures saying, A choenix of wheat for a denarius, and three choenixes of barley for a denarius: and do not injure the oil and the wine.
ASV: And I heard as it were a voice in the midst of the four living creatures saying, A measure of wheat for a shilling, and three measures of barley for a shilling; and the oil and the wine hurt thou not.
ἤκουσα | I heard |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: ἀκουστός Sense: to be endowed with the faculty of hearing, not deaf. |
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ὡς | [something] like |
Parse: Adverb Root: ὡς Sense: as, like, even as, etc. |
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φωνὴν | a voice |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: φωνή Sense: a sound, a tone. |
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μέσῳ | [the] midst |
Parse: Adjective, Dative Neuter Singular Root: μέσος Sense: middle. |
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τῶν | of the |
Parse: Article, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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τεσσάρων | four |
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: τέσσαρες Sense: four. |
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ζῴων | living creatures |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: ζῷον Sense: a living being. |
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λέγουσαν | saying |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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Χοῖνιξ | A choenix |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: χοῖνιξ Sense: a choenix, a dry measure, containing four cotylae or two setarii (less than our quart, one litre) (or as much as would support a man of moderate appetite for a day). |
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σίτου | of wheat |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: σιτίον Sense: wheat, grain. |
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δηναρίου | for a denarius |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: δηνάριον Sense: A Roman silver coin in NT time. |
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τρεῖς | three |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: τρεῖς Sense: three. |
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χοίνικες | choenixes |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: χοῖνιξ Sense: a choenix, a dry measure, containing four cotylae or two setarii (less than our quart, one litre) (or as much as would support a man of moderate appetite for a day). |
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κριθῶν | of barley |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Plural Root: κριθή Sense: barley. |
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ἔλαιον | oil |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ἔλαιον Sense: olive oil. |
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οἶνον | wine |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: οἶνος Sense: wine. |
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ἀδικήσῃς | you should injure |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: ἀδικέω Sense: absolutely. |
Greek Commentary for Revelation 6:6
“This use of ως hōs giving a certain vagueness or mysteriousness to a phrase, is one of the characteristics of the writer‘s style, e.g., Revelation 8:1; Revelation 14:3; Revelation 19:1, Revelation 19:6 ” (Beckwith). This voice comes from the midst of the four living creatures, “the protest of nature against the horrors of famine” (Swete). [source]
Old word for less than a quart with us, here only in N.T.Of wheat (σιτου sitou). Old word for wheat, a number of times in N.T., in Rev only here and Revelation 18:13. This was enough wheat to keep a man of moderate appetite alive for a day.For a penny Genitive of price, the wages of a day laborer (Matthew 20:2), about eighteen cents in our money today.Of barley (κριτων krithōn). Old word κριτη krithē usually in plural as here. Barley was the food of the poor and it was cheaper even in the famine and it took more of it to support life. Here the proportion is three to one (cf. 2 Kings 7:18). The proclamation forbids famine prices for food (solid and liquid).Hurt thou not Prohibition with μη mē and the ingressive first aorist active subjunctive of αδικεω adikeō See Revelation 7:3; Revelation 9:4 for αδικεω adikeō for injury to vegetable life. “The prohibition is addressed to the nameless rider who represents Dearth” (Swete). Wheat and barley, oil and the vine, were the staple foods in Palestine and Asia Minor. [source]
Old word for wheat, a number of times in N.T., in Rev only here and Revelation 18:13. This was enough wheat to keep a man of moderate appetite alive for a day. [source]
Genitive of price, the wages of a day laborer (Matthew 20:2), about eighteen cents in our money today.Of barley (κριτων krithōn). Old word κριτη krithē usually in plural as here. Barley was the food of the poor and it was cheaper even in the famine and it took more of it to support life. Here the proportion is three to one (cf. 2 Kings 7:18). The proclamation forbids famine prices for food (solid and liquid).Hurt thou not Prohibition with μη mē and the ingressive first aorist active subjunctive of αδικεω adikeō See Revelation 7:3; Revelation 9:4 for αδικεω adikeō for injury to vegetable life. “The prohibition is addressed to the nameless rider who represents Dearth” (Swete). Wheat and barley, oil and the vine, were the staple foods in Palestine and Asia Minor. [source]
Old word κριτη krithē usually in plural as here. Barley was the food of the poor and it was cheaper even in the famine and it took more of it to support life. Here the proportion is three to one (cf. 2 Kings 7:18). The proclamation forbids famine prices for food (solid and liquid). [source]
Prohibition with μη mē and the ingressive first aorist active subjunctive of αδικεω adikeō See Revelation 7:3; Revelation 9:4 for αδικεω adikeō for injury to vegetable life. “The prohibition is addressed to the nameless rider who represents Dearth” (Swete). Wheat and barley, oil and the vine, were the staple foods in Palestine and Asia Minor. [source]
Choenix. Only here in the New Testament. A dry measure, according to some, a quart; to others a pint and a half. Herodotus, speaking of the provisions for Xerxes' army, assigns a choenix of corn for a man's daily supply, evidently meaning a minimum allowance (vii., 187); and Thucydides, speaking of the terms of truce between the Lacedaemonians and the Athenians, mentions the following as one of the provisions: “The Athenians shall permit the Lacedaemonians on the mainland to send to those on the island a fixed quantity of kneaded flour, viz., two Attic quarts ( χοίνικας ) of barley-meal for each man” (iv., 16). Jowett (“Thucydides”) says that the choenix was about two pints dry measure. So Arnold (“Thucydides”), who adds that the allowance of two choenixes of barley-meal daily to a man was the ordinary allowance of a Spartan at the public table. See Herodotus, vi., 57. [source]
See on Matthew 20:2. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Revelation 6:6
Old word, diminutive of παις pais here only in N.T., not genuine in Matthew 11:16. How he came to have this small supply we do not know. Barley Adjective, here and John 6:13 only in N.T., in the papyri, from κριτη krithē barley (Revelation 6:6). Considered an inferior sort of bread. Fishes Late diminutive of οπσον opson common in papyri and inscriptions for delicacies with bread like fish. In N.T. only here, John 6:11; John 21:9-13. Synoptics have ιχτυας ichthuas f0). [source]
Strong double negative with first aorist passive subjunctive of αδικεω adikeō old verb, to act unjustly (from αδικος adikos), here to do harm or wrong to one, old usage as in Revelation 6:6; Revelation 7:2.; Revelation 9:4, Revelation 9:10; Revelation 11:5. [source]
Same phrase in Revelation 16:12. From the east, though why is not told. Swete suggests it is because Palestine is east of Patmos. The plural απο ανατολων apo anatolōn occurs in Matthew 2:1 without ηλιου hēliou (sun).The seal of the living God (σπραγιδα τεου ζωντος sphragida theou zōntos). Here the signet ring, like that used by an Oriental monarch, to give validity to the official documents. The use of ζωντος zōntos with τεου theou accents the eternal life of God (Revelation 1:18; Revelation 10:6; Revelation 15:7) as opposed to the ephemeral pagan gods.To whom it was given For εδοτη edothē see Revelation 6:2, Revelation 6:4, etc. The repetition of αυτοις autois in addition to οις hois (both dative) is a redundant Hebraism (in vernacular Koiné to some extent) often in the Apocalypse (Revelation 3:8). The angels are here identified with the winds as the angels of the churches with the churches (Revelation 1:20).To hurt (αδικησαι adikēsai). First aorist active infinitive of αδικεω adikeō subject of εδοτη edothē common use of αδικεω adikeō in this sense of to hurt in the Apocalypse (Revelation 2:11; Revelation 6:6 already), in Luke 10:19 also. The injury is to come by letting loose the winds, not by withholding them. [source]
For εδοτη edothē see Revelation 6:2, Revelation 6:4, etc. The repetition of αυτοις autois in addition to οις hois (both dative) is a redundant Hebraism (in vernacular Koiné to some extent) often in the Apocalypse (Revelation 3:8). The angels are here identified with the winds as the angels of the churches with the churches (Revelation 1:20).To hurt (αδικησαι adikēsai). First aorist active infinitive of αδικεω adikeō subject of εδοτη edothē common use of αδικεω adikeō in this sense of to hurt in the Apocalypse (Revelation 2:11; Revelation 6:6 already), in Luke 10:19 also. The injury is to come by letting loose the winds, not by withholding them. [source]
First aorist active infinitive of αδικεω adikeō subject of εδοτη edothē common use of αδικεω adikeō in this sense of to hurt in the Apocalypse (Revelation 2:11; Revelation 6:6 already), in Luke 10:19 also. The injury is to come by letting loose the winds, not by withholding them. [source]