KJV: But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you.
YLT: But I say, Did not Israel know? first Moses saith, 'I will provoke you to jealousy by that which is not a nation; by an unintelligent nation I will anger you,'
Darby: But I say, Has not Israel known? First, Moses says, I will provoke you to jealousy through them that are not a nation: through a nation without understanding I will anger you.
ASV: But I say, Did Israel not know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy with that which is no nation, With a nation void of understanding will I anger you.
λέγω | I ask |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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Ἰσραὴλ | Israel |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰσραήλ Sense: the name given to the patriarch Jacob (and borne by him in addition to his former name). |
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ἔγνω | did know |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: γινώσκω Sense: to learn to know, come to know, get a knowledge of perceive, feel. |
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πρῶτος | First |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: πρῶτος Sense: first in time or place. |
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Μωϋσῆς | Moses |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Μωσεύς Sense: the legislator of the Jewish people and in a certain sense the founder of the Jewish religion. |
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λέγει | says |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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παραζηλώσω | will provoke to jealousy |
Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: παραζηλόω Sense: to provoke to. |
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ἐπ’ | by [those] |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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ἔθνει | a nation |
Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: ἔθνος Sense: a multitude (whether of men or of beasts) associated or living together. |
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ἀσυνέτῳ | without understanding |
Parse: Adjective, Dative Neuter Singular Root: ἀσύνετος Sense: unintelligent, without understanding, stupid. |
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παροργιῶ | I will anger |
Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: παροργίζω Sense: to rouse to wrath, to provoke, exasperate, anger. |
Greek Commentary for Romans 10:19
“Did Israel fail to know?” See above. [source]
Moses first before any one else. lxx quotation Deuteronomy 32:21. See note on 1 Corinthians 10:22 for παραζηλωσω parazēlōsō (I will provoke you to jealousy). With that which is no nation (επ ουκ ετνει ep' ouk ethnei). The Jews had worshipped “no-gods” and now God shows favours to a “no-nation” (people). Will I anger you Future active (Attic future) of παροργιζω parorgizō rare word, to rouse to wrath. [source]
The Jews had worshipped “no-gods” and now God shows favours to a “no-nation” (people). [source]
Future active (Attic future) of παροργιζω parorgizō rare word, to rouse to wrath. [source]
As in Romans 10:18, a negative answer is implied. “It is surely not true that Israel did not know.” Did not know what? That the Gospel should go forth into all the earth. Moses and Isaiah had prophesied the conversion of the Gentiles, and Isaiah the opposition of the Jews thereto. [source]
First in order; the first who wrote. [source]
From Deuteronomy 32:21. See Romans 11:11, Romans 11:14; 1 Corinthians 10:22. Used only by Paul. The Septuagint has them instead of you. [source]
Lit., upon a no-people. The relation expressed by the preposition is that of the no-people as forming the basis of the jealousy. The prediction is that Israel shall be conquered by an apparently inferior people. No-people as related to God's heritage, not that the Gentiles were inferior or insignificant in themselves. For people render nation, as Rev. See on 1 Peter 2:9. [source]
Lit., upon a foolish nation as the basis of the exasperation. For foolish, see on Romans 1:21. [source]
Or provoke to anger. The force of the compounded preposition παρά in this verb and in παραζηλώσω provoketo jealousy, seems to be driving to the side of something which by contact or comparison excites jealousy or anger. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Romans 10:19
As in Romans 11:11. Ουν Oun looks back to 9:16-33 and Romans 10:19-21. [source]
He quotes Hosea 2:23 with some freedom. Hosea refers to the ten tribes and Paul applies the principle stated there to the Gentiles. Hosea had a son named Lo-ammi = ου λαος ou laos So here ο ου λαος μου ho ou laos mou “the not people of mine.” Ου Ou with substantives obliterates the meaning of the substantive, an idiom seen in Thucydides and other Greek writers. See also Romans 10:19; 1 Peter 2:10. [source]
The A.V. does not translate ἢ orand thus breaks the connection with what precedes. You cannot be at the same time in communion with the Lord and with demons, or will you ignore this inconsistency and provoke God? For the verb, see on Romans 10:19. [source]
The very word used in Deuteronomy 32:21 of the insolence of the old Israelites. Quoted in Romans 10:19. Such double-dealing now will do this very thing. [source]
Rare compound, both N.T. examples (here and Romans 10:19) are quotations from the lxx. The active, as here, has a causative sense. Parallel in sense with μη ερετιζετε mē erethizete in Colossians 3:21. Paul here touches the common sin of fathers. [source]