"Saul"s rise to kingship over Israel took place in three distinct stages: He was (1) anointed by Samuel ( 1 Samuel 9:1 to 1 Samuel 10:16), (2) chosen by lot ( 1 Samuel 10:17-27), and (3) confirmed by public acclamation ( 1 Samuel 11:1-15). [1][source]
Saul"s anointing had been private, but his choice by lot was public. [source][source][source]
Mizpah was the scene of Israel"s previous spiritual revival and victory over the Philistines ( 1 Samuel 7:5-13). Perhaps Samuel chose this site for Saul"s public presentation because of those events. As we have noted, the tabernacle may have been there as well. Samuel took the opportunity to remind Israel that Yahweh was Israel"s real deliverer so that the people would not put too much confidence in their new king ( 1 Samuel 10:18; cf. Exodus 20:2; Deuteronomy 5:6; Judges 6:8-9). He also reminded them of their rebellion against God"s will when they insisted on having a king ( 1 Samuel 10:19). [2][source]
The lot ( 1 Samuel 10:20) showed all Israel that Saul was God"s choice, not Samuel"s (cf. Joshua 7:14-18). That Isaiah , he was the king God permitted ( Proverbs 16:33). Was Saul hiding because he was humble or because he was afraid to assume the mantel of leadership? My judgment is that he was humble since there are other indications of this quality in chapters9,10 (cf. Proverbs 25:6-7). [source][source][source]
". . . there seems to have been a modesty that was combined with a shy temperament." [3][source]
"If Saul had been an ambitious person, he would have been at the center of activity; and, even if he had been only an average person, he would at least have been available on the fringes of the crowd. Saul, however, had hidden himself, so that he would not be found." [4][source]
However, Saul may also have been wisely reluctant to assume the role and responsibilities of Israel"s king. The Lord had chosen Saul ( 1 Samuel 10:24) because He wanted him to be His instrument. Saul had the potential of becoming a great king of Israel. Consequently, Samuel commended him, and most of the people supported him ( 1 Samuel 10:24; 1 Samuel 10:27). They cried, "Long live the king!"[source]
"It [5] represents now, as it did then, the enthusiastic hopes of the citizenry that their monarch may remain hale and hearty in order to bring their fondest dreams to fruition." [6][source]
The ancient tell (archaeological mound) of Gibeah ( 1 Samuel 10:26) now stands three miles north of the old city of Jerusalem, the buildings of which are clearly visible from Gibeah. It is now a northern "suburb" of Jerusalem. [source][source][source]
God further blessed Saul by inclining the hearts of valiant men in Israel to support him. There were some, however, who did not support him. They were evidently looking on Saul"s natural abilities as essential to Israel"s success and were forgetting that Yahweh was the real source of her hope ( 1 Samuel 10:27; cf. Judges 6:15-16). Saul was a wise enough man not to demand acceptance by every individual in Israel (cf. Proverbs 14:29; Romans 12:19; James 1:19-20). The reason he failed later was not because he lacked wisdom. [source][source][source]
Throughout these verses Saul behaved in an exemplary fashion. However notice that the writer made no reference to his regard for God or God"s Word. By every outward appearance, Saul was very capable of serving as Israel"s king. This is what the people wanted, a man similar to themselves to lead them, and that is exactly what God gave them. [source][source][source]
". . . it remains very clear that God did not choose this king for Himself, but rather for the people. In other words, though God actually appointed Saul, Saul did not in the final analysis represent God"s choice, but the people"s choice." [7][source]
Yet God gave them a man with great personal strengths: Wisdom of Solomon , humility, sensitivity, physical attractiveness, and wealth. His gift of Saul was a good gift, as are all God"s gifts to His people ( Luke 11:9-13). God did not give Israel a time bomb just waiting to explode. Saul failed because of the choices he made, not because he lacked the qualities necessary to succeed. [source][source][source]