The Meaning of 1 Samuel 22:22 Explained

1 Samuel 22:22

KJV: And David said unto Abiathar, I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father's house.

YLT: And David saith to Abiathar, 'I have known on that day when Doeg the Edomite is there, that he doth certainly declare it to Saul; I have brought it round to every person of the house of thy father;

Darby: And David said to Abiathar, I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would certainly tell Saul: I am accountable for all the lives of thy father's house.

ASV: And David said unto Abiathar, I knew on that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father's house.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And David  said  unto Abiathar,  I knew  [it] that day,  when Doeg  the Edomite  [was] there, that he would surely  tell  Saul:  I have occasioned  [the death] of all the persons  of thy father's  house. 

What does 1 Samuel 22:22 Mean?

Context Summary

1 Samuel 22:11-23 - The Slaughter Of David's Friends
The Apostle James says that "the tongue is set on fire of hell." Surely this was the case when Saul, encamped on the height above Gibeah, scattered his biting words like firebrands. They met with a ready response in Doeg's evil heart, and the two perpetrated one of the most atrocious tragedies of history.
This black act-the blackest of Saul's life-was not to be extenuated, although it executed the malediction, uttered long before in the days of Eli, against the latter's evil house. That Saul's footmen refused to execute the king's sentence should have made Him hesitate. Doeg's tale was true in its statement, but false in its implications.
There is nothing to alleviate the lurid horror of this incident, except David's welcome to Abiathar. Are not such words addressed by our Lord to all who escape to Him? "Abide with me" may be understood in the light of John 15:1-27. With Christ there is safeguard. "Your life is hid with Christ in God." Fear not, trembling soul; Christ stands surety for thee! See Psalms 52:1-9, where David predicts Doeg's fate, and contrasts it with his own happy lot. [source]

Chapter Summary: 1 Samuel 22

1  Companies resort unto David at Adullam
3  At Mizpeh he commends his parents unto the king of Moab
5  Admonished by Gad, he comes to Hareth,
6  Saul going to pursue him, complains of his servants' unfaithfulness
9  Doeg accuses Ahimelech
11  Saul commands to kill the priests
17  The footmen refusing, Doeg executes it
20  Abiathar escaping, brings David the news

What do the individual words in 1 Samuel 22:22 mean?

So said David to Abiathar I knew day that when there Doeg Doeg [was] the Edomite that surely he would tell Saul I have caused [the death] of all the persons of house of your father
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לְאֶבְיָתָ֗ר יָדַ֜עְתִּי בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ כִּֽי־ שָׁם֙ [דויג] (דּוֹאֵ֣ג) הָאֲדֹמִ֔י כִּֽי־ הַגֵּ֥ד יַגִּ֖יד לְשָׁא֑וּל אָנֹכִ֣י סַבֹּ֔תִי בְּכָל־ נֶ֖פֶשׁ בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיךָ

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר  So  said 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אָמַר 
Sense: to say, speak, utter.
דָּוִ֜ד  David 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
לְאֶבְיָתָ֗ר  to  Abiathar 
Parse: Preposition-l, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֶבְיָתָר  
Sense: priest, son of Ahitub (Ahimelech), faithful to David, but later rebelled with Adonijah.
יָדַ֜עְתִּי  I  knew 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, first person common singular
Root: דָּעָה 
Sense: to know.
בַּיּ֤וֹם  day 
Parse: Preposition-b, Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: יׄום 
Sense: day, time, year.
הַהוּא֙  that 
Parse: Article, Pronoun, third person masculine singular
Root: הוּא 
Sense: he, she, it.
[דויג]  Doeg 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
(דּוֹאֵ֣ג)  Doeg  [was] 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דֹּאֵג 
Sense: an Edomite, chief of Saul’s herdsmen, who slew all the priests.
הָאֲדֹמִ֔י  the  Edomite 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֲדֹומִי  
Sense: Edomite.
כִּֽי־  that 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
הַגֵּ֥ד  surely 
Parse: Verb, Hifil, Infinitive absolute
Root: נָגַד  
Sense: to be conspicuous, tell, make known.
יַגִּ֖יד  he  would  tell 
Parse: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: נָגַד  
Sense: to be conspicuous, tell, make known.
לְשָׁא֑וּל  Saul 
Parse: Preposition-l, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: שָׁאוּל  
Sense: a Benjamite, son of Kish, and the st king of Israel.
סַבֹּ֔תִי  have  caused  [the  death] 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, first person common singular
Root: סָבַב  
Sense: to turn, turn about or around or aside or back or towards, go about or arou nd, surround, encircle, change direction.
בְּכָל־  of  all 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: כֹּל  
Sense: all, the whole.
נֶ֖פֶשׁ  the  persons 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular construct
Root: נֶפֶשׁ  
Sense: soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion.
בֵּ֥ית  of  house 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: בַּיִת 
Sense: house.
אָבִֽיךָ  of  your  father 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, second person masculine singular
Root: אָב  
Sense: father of an individual.

What are the major concepts related to 1 Samuel 22:22?

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