The Meaning of Esther 9:19 Explained

Esther 9:19

KJV: Therefore the Jews of the villages, that dwelt in the unwalled towns, made the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.

YLT: Therefore the Jews of the villages, who are dwelling in cities of the villages, are making the fourteenth day of the month of Adar -- joy and banquet, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.

Darby: Therefore the Jews of the villages that dwell in the country towns make the fourteenth of the month Adar a day of joy and feasting, and a good day, and on which they send portions one to another.

ASV: Therefore do the Jews of the villages, that dwell in the unwalled towns, make the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

Therefore the Jews  of the villages,  that dwelt  in the unwalled  towns,  made  the fourteenth  day  of the month  Adar  [a day of] gladness  and feasting,  and a good  day,  and of sending  portions  one  to another. 

What does Esther 9:19 Mean?

Study Notes

month Adar
i.e. March; Esther 9:15 ; Esther 9:17 .

Context Summary

Esther 9:1-32 - Deliverance By The Sword
When the fateful day arrived, the Jews throughout the empire stood on the defense. As it appears from Esther 9:16, seventy-five thousand of their assailants fell in the provinces and five hundred in Susa alone. Among these were the ten sons of Haman. No attempt at plunder was made by the victors. The second day was asked for probably to confirm the settled policy of Ahasuerus, and the exposure of the bodies of Haman's sons was rendered necessary by the virulent hatred entertained towards the Jews. Decisive measures were demanded to show their enemies the risk they would incur by pursuing Haman's policy. Haman was an Amalekite, and in this light we may recall Exodus 17:14; Exodus 17:16; Deuteronomy 25:19. In all this, especially in this terrible act of vengeance, we are reminded repeatedly of the change that Christ's coming made in the world, even among religious people. Contrast Esther and Mary of Bethany! [source]

Chapter Summary: Esther 9

1  The Jews slay their enemies, with the ten sons of Haman
12  Xerxes, at the request of Esther,
14  grants another day of slaughter, and Haman's sons to be hanged
20  The two days of Purim are instituted

What do the individual words in Esther 9:19 mean?

Upon thus the Jews - of the villages who dwelt in towns the unwalled celebrated - day four and ten of the month of Adar [with] gladness and feasting and as a holiday for sending presents one to another -
עַל־ כֵּ֞ן הַיְּהוּדִ֣ים [הפרוזים] (הַפְּרָזִ֗ים) הַיֹּשְׁבִים֮ בְּעָרֵ֣י הַפְּרָזוֹת֒ עֹשִׂ֗ים אֵ֠ת י֣וֹם אַרְבָּעָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֔ר שִׂמְחָ֥ה וּמִשְׁתֶּ֖ה וְי֣וֹם ט֑וֹב וּמִשְׁל֥וֹחַ מָנ֖וֹת אִ֥ישׁ לְרֵעֵֽהוּ פ

עַל־  Upon 
Parse: Preposition
Root: עַל 
Sense: upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against.
כֵּ֞ן  thus 
Parse: Adverb
Root: כֵּן 
Sense: so, therefore, thus.
הַיְּהוּדִ֣ים  the  Jews 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, masculine plural
Root: יְהוּדִי  
Sense: Jew.
[הפרוזים]  - 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine plural
(הַפְּרָזִ֗ים)  of  the  villages 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine plural
Root: פְּרָזִי  
Sense: villager, rural dweller, hamlet-dweller.
הַיֹּשְׁבִים֮  who  dwelt 
Parse: Article, Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine plural
Root: יָשַׁב 
Sense: to dwell, remain, sit, abide.
בְּעָרֵ֣י  in  towns 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, feminine plural construct
Root: עִיר 
Sense: excitement, anguish.
הַפְּרָזוֹת֒  the  unwalled 
Parse: Article, Noun, feminine plural
Root: פְּרֹוזִים 
Sense: open region, hamlet, unwalled village, open country.
עֹשִׂ֗ים  celebrated 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine plural
Root: עָשָׂה 
Sense: to do, fashion, accomplish, make.
אֵ֠ת  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
י֣וֹם  day 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: יׄום 
Sense: day, time, year.
אַרְבָּעָ֤ה  four 
Parse: Number, masculine singular
Root: אַרְבַּע  
Sense: four.
עָשָׂר֙  and  ten 
Parse: Number, masculine singular
Root: עָשָׂר 
Sense: ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers).
לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ  of  the  month 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: חֹדֶשׁ  
Sense: the new moon, month, monthly.
אֲדָ֔ר  of  Adar 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֲדָר  
Sense: twelfth month, corresponding to modern March–April.
שִׂמְחָ֥ה  [with]  gladness 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: שִׂמְחָה  
Sense: joy, mirth, gladness.
וּמִשְׁתֶּ֖ה  and  feasting 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular
Root: מִשְׁתֶּה  
Sense: feast, drink, banquet.
וְי֣וֹם  and  as 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular
Root: יׄום 
Sense: day, time, year.
ט֑וֹב  a  holiday 
Parse: Adjective, masculine singular
Root: טָבַב 
Sense: good, pleasant, agreeable.
וּמִשְׁל֥וֹחַ  for  sending 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: מִשְׁלֹוחַ 
Sense: outstretching, sending, sending forth.
מָנ֖וֹת  presents 
Parse: Noun, feminine plural
Root: מָנָה  
Sense: part, portion.
אִ֥ישׁ  one 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.
לְרֵעֵֽהוּ  to  another 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: רֵעַ  
Sense: friend, companion, fellow, another person.
פ  - 
Parse: Punctuation