KJV: But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed.
YLT: and only they were hearing, that 'he who is persecuting us then, doth now proclaim good news -- the faith that then he was wasting;'
Darby: only they were hearing that he who persecuted us formerly now announces the glad tidings of the faith which formerly he ravaged:
ASV: but they only heard say, He that once persecuted us now preacheth the faith of which he once made havoc;
| μόνον | Only |
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Parse: Adverb Root: μόνον Sense: only, alone, but. |
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| δὲ | however |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| ἀκούοντες | hearing |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἀκουστός Sense: to be endowed with the faculty of hearing, not deaf. |
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| ἦσαν | they were |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| ὅτι | that |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
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| Ὁ | the [one] |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| διώκων | persecuting |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: διώκω Sense: to make to run or flee, put to flight, drive away. |
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| ἡμᾶς | us |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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| ποτε | formerly |
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Parse: Particle Root: ποτέ Sense: once i. |
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| νῦν | now |
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Parse: Adverb Root: νῦν Sense: at this time, the present, now. |
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| εὐαγγελίζεται | is preaching |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: εὐαγγελίζω Sense: to bring good news, to announce glad tidings. |
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| πίστιν | faith |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: πίστις Sense: conviction of the truth of anything, belief; in the NT of a conviction or belief respecting man’s relationship to God and divine things, generally with the included idea of trust and holy fervour born of faith and joined with it. |
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| ποτε | once |
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Parse: Particle Root: ποτέ Sense: once i. |
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| ἐπόρθει | he was destroying |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: πορθέω Sense: to destroy, overthrow. |
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Greek Commentary for Galatians 1:23
Periphrastic imperfect, “They were only hearing from time to time.” [source]
Present active articular participle, a sort of participle of antecedent time suggested by ποτε pote “the one who used to persecute us once upon a time.” The faith (την πιστιν tēn pistin). Here used in the sense of “the gospel” as in Acts 6:7. [source]
Here used in the sense of “the gospel” as in Acts 6:7. [source]
Correlative with I was unknown, Galatians 1:22. Note the periphrasis of the participle with the substantive verb, expressing duration. They were hearing all the time that I was thus unknown to them in person. [source]
See on Acts 6:7, and comp. 2 Thessalonians 3:2. The subjective conception of faith as trustful and assured acceptance of Jesus Christ as Savior, tends to become objective, so that the subjective principle is sometimes regarded objectively. This is very striking in the Pastoral Epistles. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Galatians 1:23
Opinions differ greatly as to whether this is to be taken as meaningfaith in Jesus Christ, orfaith considered as Christian doctrine - the Gospel; the faith in the ecclesiastical sense. This passage and Galatians 1:23are the strong passages in favor of the latter view; but the general usage of the New Testament, added to the fact that in both these passages the former meaning gives a good, intelligible, and perfectly consistent sense, go to confirm the former interpretation. 1. In the great majority of New Testament passages faith is clearly used in the sense of faith in Jesus Christ: “the-DIVIDER- conviction and confidence regarding Jesus Christ as the only and perfect mediator of the divine grace and of eternal life, through his work of atonement” (Meyer). -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- 2. This interpretation is according to the analogy of such expressions as obedience of Christ (2 Corinthians 10:5), where the meaning is, clearly, obedience to Christ: obedience of the truth (1 Peter 1:22). Accordinglyfaith, though it becomes in man the subjective moral power of the new life, regenerated through the power of the Spirit, is regarded objectively as a power - the-DIVIDER- authority which commands submission. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- 3. This interpretation is according to the analogy of the expression hearing of faith (Galatians 3:2), which is to be rendered, not as equivalent to the reception of the Gospel, but as the report or message of faith; i.e., which treats of faith, ἀκοὴ , hearing being always used in the New Testament in a passive sense, and often renderedfame, rumor, report (see Matthew 4:24; Matthew 14:1; Mark 1:28; John 12:38; Romans 10:16). Compare, also, obedience of faith (Romans 1:5; Romans 16:26), where faith is to be taken as the object, and not as the source, of the obedience; and hence is not to be explained as the obedience which springs from faith, but as the obedience rendered to faith as the authoritative impulse of the new life in Christ. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- The great majority of the best modern commentators hold that faith is to be taken as the subjective principle of-DIVIDER- Christian life (though often regarded objectively as a spiritual power), and not as Christian doctrine. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- [source]
Imperfect passive. The two imperfects kept pace with each other. Of the priests (των ιερων tōn hierōn). Who were usually Sadducees. It was a sad day for Annas and Caiaphas and all the sect of the Sadducees (Acts 5:17). Were obedient to Imperfect active of υπακουω hupakouō repetition, one after another. The faith (τηι πιστει tēi pistei). Here meaning the gospel, the faith system as in Romans 1:5; Galatians 1:23; Judges 1:3, etc. Here the word means more than individual trust in Christ. [source]
Imperfect active of υπακουω hupakouō repetition, one after another. The faith (τηι πιστει tēi pistei). Here meaning the gospel, the faith system as in Romans 1:5; Galatians 1:23; Judges 1:3, etc. Here the word means more than individual trust in Christ. [source]
Here meaning the gospel, the faith system as in Romans 1:5; Galatians 1:23; Judges 1:3, etc. Here the word means more than individual trust in Christ. [source]
First aorist active participle of πορτεω portheō to lay waste, an old verb, but only here and Galatians 1:13, Galatians 1:23 by Paul, an interesting coincidence. It is the old proverb about Saul among the prophets (1 Samuel 10:12) revived with a new meaning (Furneaux). Had come (εληλυτει elēluthei). Past perfect indicative active. Might bring Second aorist (effective) active subjunctive of αγω agō with ινα hina (purpose). Bound (δεδεμενους dedemenous). Perfect passive participle of δεω deō Interesting tenses. [source]
The same use of πιστις pistis (faith) as in Romans 12:3 “the measure of faith.” Old word. αναλογια analogia (our word “analogy”) from αναλογος analogos (analogous, conformable, proportional). Here alone in N.T. The verb προπητευωμεν prophēteuōmen (present active volitive subjunctive, let us prophesy) must be supplied with which εχοντες echontes agrees. The context calls for the subjective meaning of “faith” rather than the objective and outward standard though πιστις pistis does occur in that sense (Galatians 1:23; Galatians 3:23). [source]
The subjective faith in Christ which appropriates the promise. See on Galatians 1:23. [source]
See on Galatians 1:23. For hearing, render message. So, often in N.T. See Matthew 4:24; Matthew 14:6; John 12:38. lxx, 1 Samuel 2:24; 2 Samuel 13:30; Habakkuk href="/desk/?q=hab+3:2&sr=1">Habakkuk 3:2. [source]
“In Judaism.” The word in N.T. only here and next verse, already in 2 Maccabees 2:21; 8:1; 14:38; 4 Maccabees 4:26. In these passages it means the Jewish religion as opposed to the Hellenism that the Syrian Kings were imposing upon the Jews. So later Justin Martyr (386 D) will use Χριστιανισμος Christianismos for Christianity. Both words are made from verbs in ιζω ̇izō Beyond measure (κατ υπερβολην kath' huperbolēn). “According to excess” (throwing beyond, υπερβολη huperbolē). I persecuted Imperfect active, “I used to persecute” (see Acts 7-9 for the facts). Made havock of it (επορτουν αυτην eporthoun autēn). Customary action again, imperfect of old verb πορτεω portheō to lay waste, to sack. In N.T. only here, Galatians 1:23, and Acts 9:31 (used by Christians in Damascus of Saul after his conversion of his former conduct, the very word of Paul here). Paul heard them use it of him and it stuck in his mind. [source]
Imperfect active, “I used to persecute” (see Acts 7-9 for the facts). Made havock of it (επορτουν αυτην eporthoun autēn). Customary action again, imperfect of old verb πορτεω portheō to lay waste, to sack. In N.T. only here, Galatians 1:23, and Acts 9:31 (used by Christians in Damascus of Saul after his conversion of his former conduct, the very word of Paul here). Paul heard them use it of him and it stuck in his mind. [source]
Customary action again, imperfect of old verb πορτεω portheō to lay waste, to sack. In N.T. only here, Galatians 1:23, and Acts 9:31 (used by Christians in Damascus of Saul after his conversion of his former conduct, the very word of Paul here). Paul heard them use it of him and it stuck in his mind. [source]
See on Acts 6:7; see on Galatians 1:23. [source]
The phrase N.T.oIn the Gospels only, mystery or mysteries of the kingdom of God or of heaven. In Paul, mystery or mysteries of God, of his will, of Christ, of the gospel, of iniquity, the mystery kept secret or hidden away. Several times without qualification, the mystery or mysteries. See on 2 Thessalonians 2:7. The mystery of the faith is the subject - matter of the faith; the truth which is its basis, which was kept hidden from the world until revealed at the appointed time, and which is a secret to ordinary eyes, but is made known by divine revelation. Comp. Romans 16:25; Ephesians 3:9; Colossians 1:26; 1 Corinthians 2:7. For the faith see on Galatians 1:23, and comp. Introduction to these Epistles, VI. [source]
Neither βλάσφημος nor διώκτης is used by Paul. Βλάσφημος in Acts 7:11; 2 Peter 2:11; διώκτης N.T.o ὑβριστής in Romans 1:30only; often in lxx. See on blasphemy Mark 7:22, and comp. 1 Corinthians 10:30. Ὑβριστής is one whose insolence and contempt of others break forth in wanton and outrageous acts. Paul was ὑβριστής when he persecuted the church. He was ὑβρισθείς shamefullyentreated at Philippi (1 Thessalonians 2:2). Christ prophesies that the Son of man shall be shamefully entreated ( ὑβρισθήσεται , Luke 18:32). Similar regretful references of Paul to his former career appear in Acts 22:4; Galatians 1:13, Galatians 1:23. Such a passage may have occurred in some Pauline letters to which this writer had access, or it may be an imitation. [source]
Concessive participle agreeing with με me Blasphemer (βλασπημον blasphēmon). Old word either from βλαχ blax (stupid) and πημη phēmē speech, or from βλαπτω blaptō to injure. Rare in N.T. but Paul uses βλασπημεω blasphēmeō to blaspheme in Romans 2:24. Persecutor So far found only here. Probably made by Paul from διωκω diōkō which he knew well enough (Acts 22:4, Acts 22:7; Acts 26:14.; Galatians 1:13, Galatians 1:23; Philemon 3:6; 2 Timothy 3:12). Injurious (υβριστην hubristēn). Substantive, not adjective, “an insolent man.” Old word from υβριζω hubrizō in N.T. only here and Romans 1:30. I obtained mercy First aorist passive indicative of ελεεω eleeō old verb. See 2 Corinthians 4:1; Romans 11:30. Ignorantly (αγνοων agnoōn). Present active participle of αγνοεω agnoeō “not knowing.” Old verb (Romans 2:4). In a blindness of heart. In unbelief See Romans 11:20, Romans 11:25. [source]
So far found only here. Probably made by Paul from διωκω diōkō which he knew well enough (Acts 22:4, Acts 22:7; Acts 26:14.; Galatians 1:13, Galatians 1:23; Philemon 3:6; 2 Timothy 3:12). Injurious (υβριστην hubristēn). Substantive, not adjective, “an insolent man.” Old word from υβριζω hubrizō in N.T. only here and Romans 1:30. I obtained mercy First aorist passive indicative of ελεεω eleeō old verb. See 2 Corinthians 4:1; Romans 11:30. Ignorantly (αγνοων agnoōn). Present active participle of αγνοεω agnoeō “not knowing.” Old verb (Romans 2:4). In a blindness of heart. In unbelief See Romans 11:20, Romans 11:25. [source]
As in 2 Peter 1:5.Of our common salvation (περι της κοινης ημων σωτηριας peri tēs koinēs hēmōn sōtērias). See this use of κοινος koinos (common to all) in Titus 1:4 with πιστις pistis while in 2 Peter 1:1 we have ισοτιμον πιστιν isotimon pistin which see.I was constrained “I had necessity” like Luke 14:18; Hebrews 7:27.To contend earnestly (επαγωνιζεσται epagōnizesthai). Late and rare (in Plutarch, inscriptions) compound, here only in N.T. A little additional (επι epi) striving to the already strong αγωνιζεσται agōnizesthai (αγων agōn contest). Cf. 1 Timothy 6:12 αγωνιζου τον καλον αγωνα agōnizou ton kalon agōna the faith (τηιπιστει tēi- απαχ παραδοτεισηι pistei). Dative of advantage. Here not in the original sense of trust, but rather of the thing believed as in Judges 1:20; Galatians 1:23; Galatians 3:23; Philemon 1:27.Once for all delivered First aorist passive participle feminine dative singular of paradidōmi for which see 2 Peter 2:21. See also 2 Thessalonians 2:15; 1 Corinthians 11:2; 1 Timothy 6:20. [source]
“I had necessity” like Luke 14:18; Hebrews 7:27.To contend earnestly (επαγωνιζεσται epagōnizesthai). Late and rare (in Plutarch, inscriptions) compound, here only in N.T. A little additional (επι epi) striving to the already strong αγωνιζεσται agōnizesthai (αγων agōn contest). Cf. 1 Timothy 6:12 αγωνιζου τον καλον αγωνα agōnizou ton kalon agōna the faith (τηιπιστει tēi- απαχ παραδοτεισηι pistei). Dative of advantage. Here not in the original sense of trust, but rather of the thing believed as in Judges 1:20; Galatians 1:23; Galatians 3:23; Philemon 1:27.Once for all delivered First aorist passive participle feminine dative singular of paradidōmi for which see 2 Peter 2:21. See also 2 Thessalonians 2:15; 1 Corinthians 11:2; 1 Timothy 6:20. [source]
Late and rare (in Plutarch, inscriptions) compound, here only in N.T. A little additional Cf. 1 Timothy 6:12 αγωνιζου τον καλον αγωνα agōnizou ton kalon agōna the faith Dative of advantage. Here not in the original sense of trust, but rather of the thing believed as in Judges 1:20; Galatians 1:23; Galatians 3:23; Philemon 1:27. [source]