KJV: Then said Pilate unto them, Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:
YLT: Pilate, therefore, said to them, 'Take ye him -- ye -- and according to your law judge him;' the Jews, therefore, said to him, 'It is not lawful to us to put any one to death;'
Darby: Pilate therefore said to them, Take him, ye, and judge him according to your law. The Jews therefore said to him, It is not permitted to us to put any one to death;
ASV: Pilate therefore said unto them, Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law. The Jews said unto him, It is not lawful for us to put any man to death:
Εἶπεν | Said |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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αὐτοῖς | to them |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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ὁ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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Πιλᾶτος | Pilate |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Πειλᾶτος Sense: the sixth Roman procurator of Judah and Samaria who ordered Christ to be crucified. |
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Λάβετε | Take |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: λαμβάνω Sense: to take. |
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ὑμεῖς | yourselves |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Nominative 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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κατὰ | according to |
Parse: Preposition Root: κατά Sense: down from, through out. |
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νόμον | law |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: νόμος Sense: anything established, anything received by usage, a custom, a law, a command. |
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ὑμῶν | of you |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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κρίνατε | judge |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: κρίνω Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose. |
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Εἶπον | Said |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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αὐτῷ | to him |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: Ἰουδαῖος Sense: Jewish, belonging to the Jewish race. |
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Ἡμῖν | To us |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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ἔξεστιν | it is permitted |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἔξεστι Sense: it is lawful. |
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ἀποκτεῖναι | to put to death |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active Root: ἀποκτείνω Sense: to kill in any way whatever. |
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οὐδένα | no one |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: οὐδείς Sense: no one, nothing. |
Greek Commentary for John 18:31
Emphatic. Pilate shrewdly turns the case over to the Sanhedrin in reply to their insolence, who have said nothing whatever about their previous trial and condemnation of Jesus. He drew out at once the admission that they wanted the death of Jesus, not a fair trial for him, but Pilate‘s approval of their purpose to kill him (John 7:1, John 7:25). [source]
The A.V. obscures the emphatic force of ὑμεῖς , you. Pilate's words display great practical shrewdness in forcing the Jews to commit themselves to the admission that they desired Christ's death. “Take him yourselves (so Rev.), and judge him according to your law.” “By our law,” reply the Jews, “he ought to die.” But this penalty they could not inflict. “It is not lawful,” etc.sa40 [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 18:31
According to the Greek order, “take Him ye.” Rev., take Him yourselves. See on John 18:31. [source]
Condition (negative) of second class (periphrastic imperfect indicative), assumed to be untrue, with the usual apodosis This is a pious pose of infallibility not in the Synoptics. They then proceeded to make the charges (Luke 23:2) as indeed John implies (John 18:31, John 18:33). Some MSS. here read κακοποιος kakopoios (malefactor) as in 1 Peter 2:12, 1 Peter 2:14, with which compare Luke‘s κακουργος kakourgos (Luke 23:32.; so also 2 Timothy 2:9), both meaning evil-doer. Here the periphrastic present participle ποιων poiōn with κακον kakon emphasizes the idea that Jesus was a habitual evil-doer (Abbott). It was an insolent reply to Pilate (Bernard). [source]