KJV: Which when they had taken up, they used helps, undergirding the ship; and, fearing lest they should fall into the quicksands, strake sail, and so were driven.
YLT: which having taken up, they were using helps, undergirding the ship, and fearing lest they may fall on the quicksand, having let down the mast -- so were borne on.
Darby: which having hoisted up, they used helps, frapping the ship; and fearing lest they should run into Syrtis and run aground, and having lowered the gear they were so driven.
ASV: and when they had hoisted it up, they used helps, under-girding the ship; and, fearing lest they should be cast upon the Syrtis, they lowered the gear, and so were driven.
| ἄραντες | having taken up |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: αἴρω Sense: to raise up, elevate, lift up. |
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| βοηθείαις | supports |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Plural Root: βοήθεια Sense: help. |
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| ἐχρῶντο | they began using |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: χράομαι Sense: to receive a loan. |
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| ὑποζωννύντες | undergirding |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ὑποζώννυμι Sense: to undergird. |
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| πλοῖον | ship |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: πλοῖον Sense: a ship. |
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| φοβούμενοί | Fearing |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: φοβέομαι Sense: to put to flight by terrifying (to scare away). |
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| μὴ | lest |
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Parse: Adverb Root: μή Sense: no, not lest. |
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| εἰς | into |
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Parse: Preposition Root: εἰς Sense: into, unto, to, towards, for, among. |
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| Σύρτιν | sandbars of Syrtis |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: Σύρτις Sense: Syrtis, the name of two places in the African or Libyan Sea between Carthage and Cyrenaicia, full of shallows and sandbanks, and therefore destructive to ships; the western Syrtis, between the islands Cercina and Meninx (or the promontories of Zeitha and Brachodes), was called Syris minor, the eastern (extending from the promontories of Cephalae on the west to that of Boreum on the east) was called Syris major; this latter must be the one referred to in Acts 27:7, for upon this the ship in which Paul was sailing might easily be cast after leaving Crete. |
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| ἐκπέσωσιν | they should fall |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἐκπίπτω Sense: to fall out of, to fall down from, to fall off. |
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| χαλάσαντες | having lowered |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: χαλάω Sense: to loosen, slacken, relax. |
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| σκεῦος | gear |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: σκεῦος Sense: a vessel. |
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| οὕτως | thus |
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Parse: Adverb Root: οὕτως Sense: in this manner, thus, so. |
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| ἐφέροντο | they were driven along |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: φέρω Sense: to carry. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 27:17
Any apparatus on hand for the purpose: ropes, chains, etc. [source]
In modern nautical language, frapping: passing cables or chains round the ship's hull in order to support her in a storm. Mr. Smith (“Voyage and Shipwreck of St. Paul”) cites the following from the account of the voyage of Captain George Back from the arctic regions in 1837: “A length of the stream chain-cable was passed under the bottom of the ship four feet before the mizzen-mast, hove tight by the capstan, and finally immovably fixed to six ring-bolts on the quarter-deck. The effect was at once manifest by a great diminution in the working of the parts already mentioned; and, in a less agreeable way, by impeding her rate of sailing.” [source]
The rendering of the A. V. is too general. The word is a proper name, and has the article. There were two shoals of this name - the “Greater Syrtis” (Syrtis Major )and the “Smaller Syrtis” (Syrtis Minor ). It was the former upon which they were in danger of being driven; a shallow on the African coast, between Tripoli and Barca, southwest of the island of Crete. [source]
Lit., as Rev., lowered the gear. See on goods, Matthew 12:29. It is uncertain what is referred to here. To strike sail, it is urged, would be a sure way of running upon the Syrtis, which they were trying to avoid. It is probably better to understand it generally of the gear connected with the fair-weather sails. “Every ship situated as this one was, when preparing for a storm, sends down upon deck the 'top-hamper,' or gear connected with the fair-weather sails, such as the topsails. A modern ship sends down top-gallant masts and yards; a cutter strikes her topmast when preparing for a gale” (Smith, “Voyage,” etc.). The storm sails were probably set. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 27:17
The word originally means a vessel, and so mostly in the New Testament. See Mark 11:16; John 19:29. But also the entire equipment of a house, collectively: chattels, house-gear. Also the baggage of an army. Here in the sense of house-gear. Compare Luke 17:31; Acts 27:17, of the gear or tackling of the ship. Rev., lowered the gear. [source]
What they were revolving in their minds. They now find out what a powerful opponent Jesus is. By parables, by a series of conditions (first class), by sarcasm, by rhetorical question, by merciless logic, he lays bare their hollow insincerity and the futility of their arguments. Satan does not cast out Satan. Note timeless aorist passive εμεριστη emeristhē in Matthew 12:26, επτασεν ephthasen in Matthew 12:28 (simple sense of arriving as in Philemon 3:16 from πτανω phthanō). Christ is engaged in deathless conflict with Satan the strong man (Matthew 12:29). “Goods” (σκευη skeuē) means house-gear, house furniture, or equipment as in Luke 17:36 and Acts 27:17, the tackling of the ship. [source]
The plural, addressed to the whole of the boat's crew. Originally, to slacken or loosen, as a bowstring or the reins of horses; hence to let sink as a net. Also of unbarring a door. Metaphorically, to be indulgent, to pardon. The word occurs in the New Testament seven times, and five of these in Luke. He uses it of letting down Paul in a basket at Damascus (Acts 9:25); of striking a ship's sails, and of letting down a boat into the sea (Acts 27:17, Acts 27:30). Matthew, Mark, and John use βάλλω , or ἀμφιβάλλω , for casting a net (Matthew 4:18; Matthew 13:47; Mark 1:16; John 21:6), which appears also in the compound noun for a casting-net ( ἀμφίβληστρον , see on Matthew 4:18). The word used by Luke was in common use in medical writings, to denote relaxation of the limbs; loosening of bandages; abatement of sickness; letting herbs down into a vessel to be steeped. [source]
The same double compound verb as in Luke 5:3, only here second aorist active imperative second person singular.Let down (χαλασατε chalasate). Peter was master of the craft and so he was addressed first. First aorist active imperative second person plural. Here the whole crew are addressed. The verb is the regular nautical term for lowering cargo or boats (Acts 27:17, Acts 27:30). But it was used for lowering anything from a higher place (Mark 2:4; Acts 9:25; 2 Corinthians 11:33). For a catch (εις αγραν eis agran). This purpose was the startling thing that stirred up Simon. [source]
Peter was master of the craft and so he was addressed first. First aorist active imperative second person plural. Here the whole crew are addressed. The verb is the regular nautical term for lowering cargo or boats (Acts 27:17, Acts 27:30). But it was used for lowering anything from a higher place (Mark 2:4; Acts 9:25; 2 Corinthians 11:33). For a catch This purpose was the startling thing that stirred up Simon. [source]
First aorist active participle of χαλαω chalaō old and common verb in a nautical sense (Acts 27:17, Acts 27:30) as well as otherwise as here. Same verb used by Paul of this experience (2 Corinthians 11:33). In a basket (εν σπυριδι en sphuridi). The word used when the four thousand were fed (Mark 8:8; Matthew 15:37). A large basket plaited of reeds and distinguished in Mark 8:19. (Matthew 16:9.) from the smaller κοπινος kophinos Paul uses σαργανη sarganē a basket made of ropes. This escape by night by the help of the men whom he had come to destroy was a shameful memory to Paul (2 Corinthians 11:33). Wendt thinks that the coincidences in language here prove that Luke had read II Corinthians. That, of course, is quite possible. [source]
The interpretation of 1 Thessalonians 4:3-6usually varies between two explanations: 1. making the whole passage refer to fornication and adultery: 2. limiting this reference to 1 Thessalonians 4:3-5, and making 1 Thessalonians 4:6refer to honesty in business. Both are wrong. The entire passage exhibits two groups of parallel clauses; the one concerning sexual, and the other business relations. Thus: 1. Abstain from fornication: deal honorably with your wives. 2. Pursue your business as holy men, not with covetous greed as the heathen: do not overreach or defraud. A comma should be placed after σκεῦος vesseland κτᾶσθαι procureor acquire, instead of being made dependent on εἰδέναι knowshould begin a new clause. Render, that every one of you treat his own wife honorably. Εἰδέναι isused Hebraistically in the sense of have a care for, regard, as 1 Thessalonians 5:12, “Know them that labor,” etc.: recognize their claim to respect, and hold them in due regard. Comp. Genesis 39:6: Potiphar οὐκ ᾔδει τῶν καθ ' αὑτὸν οὐδὲν “gave himself no concern about anything that he had.” 1 Samuel 2:12: the sons of Eli οὐκ εἰδότες τὸν κύριον “paying no respect to the Lord.” Exodus 1:8: Another King arose ὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἱωσήφ “who did not recognize or regard Joseph”: did not remember his services and the respect in which he had been held. Σκεῦος is sometimes explained as body, for which there is no evidence in N.T. In 2 Corinthians 4:7the sense is metaphorical. Neither in lxx nor Class. does it mean body. In lxx very often of the sacred vessels of worship: sometimes, as in Class., of the accoutrements of war. In N.T. occasionally, both in singular and plural, in the general sense of appliances, furniture, tackling. See Matthew 12:29; Luke 17:31; Acts 27:17; Hebrews 9:21. For the meaning vessel, see Luke 8:16; John 19:20; 2 Corinthians 4:7; Revelation 2:27. Here, metaphorically, for wife; comp. 1 Peter 3:7. It was used for wife in the coarse and literal sense by Rabbinical writers. The admonition aptly follows the charge to abstain from fornication. On the contrary, let each one treat honorably his own wife. The common interpretation is, “as a safeguard against fornication let every one know how to procure his own wife.” It is quite safe to say that such a sentence could never have proceeded from Paul. He never would have offset a charge to abstain from fornication with a counsel to be well informed in the way of obtaining a wife. When he does touch this subject, as he does in 1 Corinthians 7:2, he says, very simply, “to avoid fornication let every man have ( ἐχέτω ) his own wife”; not, know how to get one. Εἰδέναι knowas usually interpreted, is both superfluous and absurd. Besides, the question was not of procuring a wife, but of living honorably and decently with her, paying her the respect which was her right, and therefore avoiding illicit connections. [source]
See on Matthew 12:29; see on Mark 3:27; see on Acts 9:15; see on Acts 27:17; see on 1 Peter 3:7. [source]
Present active middle volitive subjunctive of προσερχομαι proserchomai “Let us keep on coming to” our high priest, this sympathizing and great high priest. Instead of deserting him, let us make daily use of him. This verb in Hebrews means reverent approach for worship (Hebrews 7:25; Hebrews 10:1, Hebrews 10:22; Hebrews 11:6). Unto the throne of grace This old word Hence we should come “with boldness” Telling Jesus the whole story of our shortcomings. That we may receive mercy Purpose clause with ινα hina and second aorist active subjunctive of λαμβανω lambanō And find grace Second aorist active subjunctive of ευρισκω heuriskō We are sure to gain both of these aims because Jesus is our high priest on the throne. To help us in time of need οητεια Boētheia is old word (from βοητεω boētheō Hebrews 2:18 which see), in N.T. only here and Acts 27:17. Ευκαιρος Eukairos is an old word also (ευ eu well, καιρος kairos opportunity), only here in N.T. “For well-timed help,” “for help in the nick of time,” before too late. [source]
Compare 1 Thessalonians 4:4. The primary idea of vessel, which is formed from the Latin vasellum, the diminutive of vas, a vase, is that of the receptacle which covers and contains; the case or protecting cover. Hence it is allied, etymologically, with vest, vestment, and wear. It is used in the New Testament (1) in the sense of a cup or dish (Luke 8:16; John 19:29; 2 Timothy 2:20; Revelation 2:27; Revelation 18:12). (2) Of the man, as containing the divine energy, or as a subject of divine mercy or wrath, and hence becoming a divine instrument. Thus Paul is a chosen vessel to bear God's name (Acts 9:15). Vessels of wrath (Romans 9:22); of mercy (Romans 9:23). So of the woman, as God's instrument, along with man, for his service in the family and in society. (3) Collectively, in the plural, of all the implements of any particular economy, as a house, or a ship. Matthew 12:29, goods; Acts 27:17, the tackling orgear of a ship. [source]
See on 1 Peter 3:7, and see on Acts 9:15. Also see on goods, Matthew 12:29; see on Mark 3:27; and see on strake sail, Acts 27:17. [source]