KJV: So after he had washed their feet, and had taken his garments, and was set down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you?
YLT: When, therefore, he washed their feet, and took his garments, having reclined (at meat) again, he said to them, 'Do ye know what I have done to you?
Darby: When therefore he had washed their feet, and taken his garments, having sat down again, he said to them, Do ye know what I have done to you?
ASV: So when he had washed their feet, and taken his garments, and sat down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you?
| ἔνιψεν | He had washed |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: νίπτω Sense: to wash. |
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| πόδας | feet |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: πούς Sense: a foot, both of men or beast. |
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| αὐτῶν | of them |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἔλαβεν | taken |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λαμβάνω Sense: to take. |
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| ἱμάτια | garments |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ἱμάτιον Sense: a garment (of any sort). |
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| αὐτοῦ | of Him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἀνέπεσεν | having reclined |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀναπίπτω Sense: to lie back, lie down. |
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| πάλιν | again |
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Parse: Adverb Root: πάλιν Sense: anew, again. |
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| εἶπεν | He said |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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| αὐτοῖς | to them |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| Γινώσκετε | Do you know |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: γινώσκω Sense: to learn to know, come to know, get a knowledge of perceive, feel. |
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| πεποίηκα | I have done |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: ποιέω Sense: to make. |
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| ὑμῖν | to you |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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Greek Commentary for John 13:12
Second aorist active indicative of αναπιπτω anapiptō old compound verb to fall back, to lie down, to recline. Παλιν Palin (again) can be taken either with ανεπεσεν anepesen as here, or with ειπεν eipen (he said again). Know ye what I have done to you? “Do ye understand the meaning of my act?” Perfect active indicative of ποιεω poieō with dative case It was a searching question, particularly to Simon Peter and Judas. [source]
Literally, having reclined. The guests reclined on couches, lying on the left side and leaning on the left hand. The table was in the hollow square or oblong formed on three sides by the couches, the fourth side being open, and the table extending beyond the ends of the couches. [source]
Perceive or understand ye? [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 13:12
This word is, literally, to fall upon, and is so rendered in almost every instance in the New Testament. In Mark 3:10, it is applied to the multitudes pressing upon Christ. It occurs, however, nowhere else in John, and therefore some of the best authorities read ἀναπεσὼν , leaning back, a verb which John uses several times in the Gospel, as in John 13:12. So Rev. Whichever of the two is read, it points out the distinction, which the A.V. misses by the translation lying, between ἦν ἀνακείμενος (John 13:23), which describes the reclining position of John throughout the meal, and the sudden change of posture pictured by ἀναπεσὼν , leaning back. The distinction is enforced by the different preposition in each case: reclining in ( ἐν ) Jesus' bosom, and leaning back ( ἀνά ). Again, the words bosom and breast represent different words in the Greek; κόλπος representing more generally the bend formed by the front part of the reclining person, the lap, and στῆθος the breast proper. The verb ἀναπίπτω , to lean back, always in the New Testament describes a change of position. It is used of a rower bending back for a fresh stroke. Plato, in the well-known passage of the “Phaedrus,” in which the soul is described under the figure of two horses and a charioteer, says that when the charioteer beholds the vision of love he is afraid, and falls backward ( ἀνέπεσεν ), so that he brings the steeds upon their haunches. [source]
The most approved reading is γινομένου , the present participle, denoting while a supper was in progress. Hence Rev., rightly, during supper. The A.V. is wrong, even if the reading of the Received Text be retained; for in John 13:12Jesus reclined again, and in John 13:26, the supper is still in progress. It should be, supper having begun, or having been served. It is important to note the absence of the definite article: a supper, as distinguished from the feast, which also is designated by a different word. [source]
The phrase is peculiar to John, occurring in the Gospel and First Epistle. It is explained in two ways: either (1) as laying down as a pledge, paying as a price, according to the classical usage of the word τίθημι . So Demosthenes, to pay interest or the alien tax. Or (2) according to John 13:4, as laying aside his life like a garment. The latter seems preferable. Τίθημι , in the sense of to pay down a price, does not occur in the New Testament, unless this phrase, to lay down the life, be so explained. In John 13:4, layeth aside His garments ( τίδησι τὰ ἱμάτια ) is followed, in John 13:12, by had taken His garments ( ἔλαβε τὰ ἱμάτια ). So, in this chapter, giveth ( τίδησιν ) His life (John 10:11), and I lay down ( τίδημι ) my life (John 10:17, John 10:18), are followed by λαβεῖν “to take it again.” The phrases τὴν ψυχὴν Helaid down His life, and τὰς ψυχὰς θεῖναι tolay down our lives, occur in 1 John 3:16. The verb is used in the sense of laying aside in the classics, as to lay aside war, shields, etc. Compare Matthew 20:28, δοῦναι τὴν ψυχὴν , to give His life. [source]