KJV: And, lo, a spirit taketh him, and he suddenly crieth out; and it teareth him that he foameth again, and bruising him hardly departeth from him.
YLT: and lo, a spirit doth take him, and suddenly he doth cry out, and it teareth him, with foaming, and it hardly departeth from him, bruising him,
Darby: and behold, a spirit takes him, and suddenly he cries out, and it tears him with foaming, and with difficulty departs from him after crushing him.
ASV: and behold, a spirit taketh him, and he suddenly crieth out; and it teareth him that he foameth, and it hardly departeth from him, bruising him sorely.
ἰδοὺ | behold |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: ἰδού Sense: behold, see, lo. |
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πνεῦμα | a spirit |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: πνεῦμα Sense: a movement of air (a gentle blast. |
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λαμβάνει | takes |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λαμβάνω Sense: to take. |
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ἐξαίφνης | suddenly |
Parse: Adverb Root: ἐξαίφνης Sense: of a sudden, suddenly, unexpectedly. |
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κράζει | he cries out |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: κράζω Sense: to croak. |
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σπαράσσει | it throws into convulsions |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: σπαράσσω Sense: to convulse, tear. |
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ἀφροῦ | foaming |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ἀφρός Sense: foam. |
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μόγις | with difficulty |
Parse: Adverb Root: μόγις Sense: hardly, with difficulty,. |
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ἀποχωρεῖ | it departs |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀποχωρέω Sense: to go away, depart. |
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συντρῖβον | bruising |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: συντρίβω Sense: break, to break in pieces, shiver. |
Greek Commentary for Luke 9:39
Old adverb, but in the N.T. only in Luke‘s writings save Mark 13:36. Used by medical writers of sudden attacks of disease like epilepsy. [source]
Literally, “It tears him with (accompanied with, μετα meta) foam” (old word, απρος aphros only here in the N.T.). From σπαρασσω sparassō to convulse, a common verb, but in the N.T. only here and Mark 1:26; Mark 9:26 (and συνσπαρασσω sunsparassō Mark 9:20). See Mark 9:17; and note on Matthew 17:15 for variations in the symptoms in each Gospel. The use of μετα απρου meta aphrou is a medical item.Hardly (μολις molis). Late word used in place of μογις mogis the old Greek term (in some MSS. here) and alone in Luke‘s writings in the N.T. save 1 Peter 4:18; Romans 5:7.Bruising him sorely Common verb for rubbing together, crushing together like chains (Mark 5:4) or as a vase (Mark 14:3). See notes on Matthew 17:15 and notes on Mark 9:17 for discussion of details here. [source]
Late word used in place of μογις mogis the old Greek term (in some MSS. here) and alone in Luke‘s writings in the N.T. save 1 Peter 4:18; Romans 5:7. [source]
Common verb for rubbing together, crushing together like chains (Mark 5:4) or as a vase (Mark 14:3). See notes on Matthew 17:15 and notes on Mark 9:17 for discussion of details here. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 9:39
First aorist passive participle of αναγω anagō Thirteen times in the Acts and Luke 8:22 which see. They sailed up to sea and came down First aorist active participle of apochōreō old verb to withdraw, go away from. In the N.T. only here and Matthew 7:23; Luke 9:39. He is called John here as in Acts 13:5 and Mark in Acts 15:39, though John Mark in Acts 12:12, Acts 12:25. This may be accidental or on purpose (Deissmann, Bible Studies, p. 317). Luke is silent on John‘s reasons for leaving Paul and Barnabas. He was the cousin of Barnabas and may not have relished the change in leadership. There may have been change in plans also now that Paul is in command. Barnabas had chosen Cyprus and Paul has led them to Perga in Pamphylia and means to go on into the highlands to Antioch in Pisidia. There were perils of many sorts around them and ahead (2 Corinthians 11:26), perils to which John Mark was unwilling to be exposed. Paul will specifically charge him at Antioch with desertion of his post (Acts 15:39). It is possible, as Ramsay suggests, that the mosquitoes at Perga gave John malaria. If so, they bit Paul and Barnabas also. He may not have liked Paul‘s aggressive attitude towards the heathen. At any rate he went home to Jerusalem instead of to Antioch, zu seiner Mutter (Holtzmann). It was a serious breach in the work, but Paul and Barnabas stuck to the work. [source]
First aorist active participle of apochōreō old verb to withdraw, go away from. In the N.T. only here and Matthew 7:23; Luke 9:39. He is called John here as in Acts 13:5 and Mark in Acts 15:39, though John Mark in Acts 12:12, Acts 12:25. This may be accidental or on purpose (Deissmann, Bible Studies, p. 317). Luke is silent on John‘s reasons for leaving Paul and Barnabas. He was the cousin of Barnabas and may not have relished the change in leadership. There may have been change in plans also now that Paul is in command. Barnabas had chosen Cyprus and Paul has led them to Perga in Pamphylia and means to go on into the highlands to Antioch in Pisidia. There were perils of many sorts around them and ahead (2 Corinthians 11:26), perils to which John Mark was unwilling to be exposed. Paul will specifically charge him at Antioch with desertion of his post (Acts 15:39). It is possible, as Ramsay suggests, that the mosquitoes at Perga gave John malaria. If so, they bit Paul and Barnabas also. He may not have liked Paul‘s aggressive attitude towards the heathen. At any rate he went home to Jerusalem instead of to Antioch, zu seiner Mutter (Holtzmann). It was a serious breach in the work, but Paul and Barnabas stuck to the work. [source]
See note on Luke 7:6 for hikanos Literally, “in considerable days.” With difficulty (ικανος molis). Used in old Greek, like μολος mogis (Luke 9:39) from μολος molos toil (See note on Acts 14:18). Over against Cnidus “Down along Cnidus.” A hundred and thirty miles from Myra, the southwest point of Asia Minor and the western coast. Here the protection of the land from the northwest wind ceased. The wind not further suffering us (μη προσεωντος ημας του ανεμου mē proseōntos hēmās tou anemou). Genitive absolute with present active participle of προσεαω proseaō one of the few words still “not found elsewhere” (Thayer). Regular negative μη mē with participles. They could not go on west as they had been doing since leaving Myra. We sailed under the lee of Crete See note on Acts 27:4. Instead of going to the right of Crete as the straight course would have been they sailed southwest with Crete to their right and got some protection against the wind there. Over against Salmone (κατα Σαλμωνην kata Salmōnēn). Off Cape Salmone, a promontory on the east of the island. [source]
Used in old Greek, like μολος mogis (Luke 9:39) from μολος molos toil (See note on Acts 14:18). [source]
See on Mark 5:4; see on Luke 9:39. [source]
The A.V. follows the reading συντριβήσεται , the future tense of the verb. The correct reading is συντρίβεται , the present tense. Render therefore, as Rev., “as the vessels of the potter are broken.” See on Mark 5:4, and see on bruising, Luke 9:39. The σύν togethergives the picture of the fragments collapsing into a heap. [source]