KJV: And Herod was highly displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon: but they came with one accord to him, and, having made Blastus the king's chamberlain their friend, desired peace; because their country was nourished by the king's country.
YLT: And Herod was highly displeased with the Tyrians and Sidonians, and with one accord they came unto him, and having made a friend of Blastus, who is over the bed-chambers of the king, they were asking peace, because of their country being nourished from the king's;
Darby: And he was in bitter hostility with the Tyrians and Sidonians; but they came to him with one accord, and, having gained Blastus the king's chamberlain, sought peace, because their country was nourished by the king's.
ASV: Now he was highly displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon: and they came with one accord to him, and, having made Blastus the king's chamberlain their friend, they asked for peace, because their country was fed from the king's country.
| Ἦν | He had been |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| θυμομαχῶν | furiously angry |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: θυμομαχέω Sense: to carry on war with great animosity. |
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| Τυρίοις | with [the] Tyrians |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: Τύριος Sense: a resident of Tyre. |
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| Σιδωνίοις | Sidonians |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Plural Root: Σιδώνιος Sense: an inhabitant of Sidon, a Sidonian. |
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| ὁμοθυμαδὸν | with one accord |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ὁμοθυμαδόν Sense: with one mind, with one accord, with one passion. |
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| παρῆσαν | they came |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: πάρειμι Sense: to be by, be at hand, to have arrived, to be present. |
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| πείσαντες | having gained |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἐπισείω Sense: persuade. |
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| Βλάστον | Blastus |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Βλάστος Sense: the chamberlain of Herod Agrippa I. |
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| τὸν | who [was] |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ἐπὶ | over |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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| κοιτῶνος | bedchamber |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: κοιτών Sense: a sleeping room, bed chamber. |
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| τοῦ | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| βασιλέως | king |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: βασιλεύς Sense: leader of the people, prince, commander, lord of the land, king. |
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| ᾐτοῦντο | they were seeking |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Plural Root: αἰτέω Sense: to ask, beg, call for, crave, desire, require. |
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| εἰρήνην | peace |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: εἰρήνη Sense: a state of national tranquillity. |
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| διὰ | because of |
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Parse: Preposition Root: διά Sense: through. |
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| τὸ | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| τρέφεσθαι | being nourished |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: τρέφω Sense: to nourish, support. |
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| τὴν | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| χώραν | region |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: χώρα Sense: the space lying between two places or limits. |
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| βασιλικῆς | king’s |
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Parse: Adjective, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: βασιλικός Sense: of or belong to a king, kingly, royal, regal. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 12:20
Periphrastic imperfect active of τυμομαχεω thumomacheō late compound of τυμος thumos (passionate heat) and μαχομαι machomai to fight. Only here in the N.T., to fight desperately, to have a hot quarrel. Whether it was open war with the Phoenicians or just violent hostility we do not know, save that Phoenicia belonged to Syria and Herod Agrippa had no authority there. The quarrel may have been over commercial matters. [source]
The representatives of Tyre and Sidon. See note on Acts 1:14 for ομοτυμαδον homothumadon Tyre was a colony of Sidon and had become one of the chief commercial cities of the world by reason of the Phoenician ships. The king‘s chamberlain (τον επι του κοιτωνος του βασιλεος ton epi tou koitōnos tou basileos). The one over the bedchamber (κοιτωνος koitōnos late word from κοιτη koitē bed, here only in the N.T.). Made their friend First aorist active participle of πειτω peithō to persuade. Having persuaded (probably with bribes as in Matthew 28:14). They asked for peace (ηιτουντο ειρηνην ēitounto eirēnēn). Imperfect middle of αιτεω aiteō kept on asking for peace. Because their country was fed Causal sentence with δια dia and the articular infinitive (present passive of τρεπω trephō to nourish or feed) and the accusative of general reference, “because of the being fed as to their country.” Tyre and Sidon as large commercial cities on the coast received large supplies of grain and fruits from Palestine. Herod had cut off the supplies and that brought the two cities to action. [source]
The one over the bedchamber (κοιτωνος koitōnos late word from κοιτη koitē bed, here only in the N.T.). [source]
First aorist active participle of πειτω peithō to persuade. Having persuaded (probably with bribes as in Matthew 28:14). They asked for peace (ηιτουντο ειρηνην ēitounto eirēnēn). Imperfect middle of αιτεω aiteō kept on asking for peace. Because their country was fed Causal sentence with δια dia and the articular infinitive (present passive of τρεπω trephō to nourish or feed) and the accusative of general reference, “because of the being fed as to their country.” Tyre and Sidon as large commercial cities on the coast received large supplies of grain and fruits from Palestine. Herod had cut off the supplies and that brought the two cities to action. [source]
Imperfect middle of αιτεω aiteō kept on asking for peace. [source]
Causal sentence with δια dia and the articular infinitive (present passive of τρεπω trephō to nourish or feed) and the accusative of general reference, “because of the being fed as to their country.” Tyre and Sidon as large commercial cities on the coast received large supplies of grain and fruits from Palestine. Herod had cut off the supplies and that brought the two cities to action. [source]
Originally, to fight desperately: but as there is no record of any war of Herod with the Tyrians and Sidonians, the word is to be taken in the sense of the A.V. Only here in New Testament. [source]
Lit., the one over the bedchamber. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 12:20
The word for the asking of an inferior (Acts 12:20; Acts 3:2); and hence of man from God (Matthew 7:7; James 1:5). Christ never uses the word of his own asking from the Father, but always ἐρωτῶ , as asking on equal terms. Martha shows her low conception of his person when she uses the term of his asking God (John 11:22). [source]
Properly an adjective, meaning royal, from βασιλεὺς , king. It occurs in John only, here and John 4:49; and in all other passages is used as an adjective (Acts 12:20, Acts 12:21; James 2:8). Literally here, a king's officer. Wyc, little King. [source]
Herod Agrippa II., son o£ the Herod whose death is recorded in Acts 12:20-23. [source]
Agrippa II son of Agrippa I of Acts 12:20-23. On the death of Herod King of Chalcis a.d. 48, Claudius a.d. 50 gave this Herod Agrippa II the throne of Chalcis so that Luke is correct in calling him king, though he is not king of Judea. But he was also given by Claudius the government of the temple and the right of appointing the high priest. Later he was given also the tetrarchies of Philip and Lysanias. He was the last Jewish king in Palestine, though not king of Judea. He angered the Jews by building his palace so as to overlook the temple and by frequent changes in the high priesthood. He made his capital at Caesarea Philippi which he called Neronias in honour of Nero. Titus visited it after the fall of Jerusalem. Bernice (ερνικη Bernikē). He was her brother and yet she lived with him in shameful intimacy in spite of her marriage to her uncle Herod King of Chalcis and to Polemon King of Cilicia whom she left. Schuerer calls her both a Jewish bigot and a wanton. She afterwards became the mistress of Titus. Arrived at Caesarea Came down (first aorist active of κατανταω katantaō) to Caesarea from Jerusalem. And saluted Festus (ασπασαμενοι τον Πηστον aspasamenoi ton Phēston). The Textus Receptus has ασπασομενοι aspasomenoi the future participle, but the correct text is the aorist middle participle ασπασαμενοι aspasamenoi which cannot possibly mean subsequent action as given in the Canterbury Revision “and saluted.” It can only mean contemporaneous (simultaneous) action “saluting” or antecedent action like the margin “having saluted.” But antecedent action is not possible here, so that simultaneous action is the only alternative. It is to be noted that the salutation synchronized with the arrival in Caesarea (note κατα kata down, the effective aorist tense), not with the departure from Jerusalem, nor with the whole journey. Rightly understood the aorist participle here gives no trouble at all (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 861-3). [source]
As already in Acts 1:14; Acts 2:46; Acts 4:24 and later Acts 7:57; Acts 8:6; Acts 12:20; Acts 15:25; Acts 18:21; Acts 19:29, old adverb and only in Acts in the N.T. Here “all” is added. In Solomon‘s Porch again as in Acts 3:11 which see. [source]