1 Timothy 1:1-11 - A Charge Against "vain Talking"
The relation of Paul to Timothy is an example of one of those beautiful friendships between an older and a younger man, in which each is the complement of the other, 1 Corinthians 4:17; Philippians 2:22. Timothy was a lad of fifteen when converted at Lystra, and was probably about thirty-five years of age when this Epistle was addressed to him. He was enthusiastic and devoted but at times showed signs of timidity, and the Apostle watched over him with tender interest.
In this chapter the young minister is warned against the Gnostic heresy, i.e., the heresy of the knowing-ones, who pretended to give revelations about the angels and their ministry, and to bridge the gulf between man and God by a whole series of mysterious imaginary beings. Their teaching led from spiritual pride to sensuality, for they accounted the body as inherently evil. All this was contrary to healthy doctrine. That word sound, or healthy, is peculiar to the Pastoral Epistles, 1 Timothy 6:3; 2 Timothy 1:13; 2 Timothy 4:3; Titus 1:9; Titus 2:1. It suggests a certain test of the various teachers who cross our paths. The question always is, Do these words of theirs promote the health of the soul, and above all, love out of a pure heart and a good conscience? [source]
Chapter Summary: 1 Timothy 1
1Paul declares Timothy is faithful to the charge which was given him at his going to Macedonia 5The right use and end of the law 11Paul's calling to be an apostle; 20and the disobedience or Hymenaeus and Alexander
Greek Commentary for 1 Timothy 1:6
Having swerved [αστοχησαντες] First aorist active participle of αστοχεω astocheō compound Koiné{[28928]}š verb (Polybius, Plutarch) from αστοχος astochos (α a privative and στοχος stochos a mark), “having missed the mark.” In N.T. only here, 1 Timothy 6:21; 2 Timothy 2:18. With the ablative case ων hōn (which). [source]
Have turned aside [εχετραπησαν] Second aorist passive indicative of εκτρεπω ektrepō old and common verb, to turn or twist out or aside. In medical sense in Hebrews 12:13. As metaphor in 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:20; 2 Timothy 4:4. Vain talking (ματαιολογιαν mataiologian). Late word from ματαιολογος mataiologos only here in N.T., in the literary Koiné. [source]
Vain talking [ματαιολογιαν] Late word from ματαιολογος mataiologos only here in N.T., in the literary Koiné. [source]
Having swerved [ἀστοχήσαντες] PastoIn lxx, 8:9. It means to miss the mark. [source]
Vain jangling [ματαιολογίαν] N.T.oolxx. oClass. The word illustrates the writer's fondness for unusual compounds. Jangling is an early English word from the old French jangler, comp. jongleur a teller of tales. Hence jangling is empty chatter. So Chaucer,“Them that jangle of love.”Troil. and Cress ii. 800.And Piers Ploughman,“And al day to drynkenAt diverse tavernes And there to jangle and jape.”Vision, Pass. ii. 1069.Shakespeare,“This their jangling I esteem a sport.”Mids. Night's D. iii. 2.Wiclif, Exodus 17:7(earlier version), uses jangling for wrangling. “And he clepide the name of the place Temptynge for the jangling of the sons of Israel.” [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Timothy 1:6
Philippians 3:15Toward the mark [κατὰ σκοπὸν] Rev., goal. Bear down upon ( κατά ). Σκοπός markonly here in the New Testament. See on look, Phlippians 2:4. Used in the classics of a mark for shooting at, or as a moral or intellectual end. A somewhat similar figure occurs 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:21; 2 Timothy 2:18, in the verb ἀστοχέω tomiss the aim or the shot. A.V., swerved and erred. [source]
Philippians 3:15Toward the mark [κατὰ σκοπὸν] Rev., goal. Bear down upon ( κατά ). Σκοπός markonly here in the New Testament. See on look, Phlippians 2:4. Used in the classics of a mark for shooting at, or as a moral or intellectual end. A somewhat similar figure occurs 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:21; 2 Timothy 2:18, in the verb ἀστοχέω tomiss the aim or the shot. A.V., swerved and erred. [source]
1 Timothy 1:6Have turned aside [εχετραπησαν] Second aorist passive indicative of εκτρεπω ektrepō old and common verb, to turn or twist out or aside. In medical sense in Hebrews 12:13. As metaphor in 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:20; 2 Timothy 4:4. Vain talking (ματαιολογιαν mataiologian). Late word from ματαιολογος mataiologos only here in N.T., in the literary Koiné. [source]
1 Timothy 5:15Are turned aside [εχετραπησαν] Second aorist (effective) passive indicative of εκτρεπω ektrepō See note on 1 Timothy 1:6. [source]
1 Timothy 6:20Turning away from [εκτρεπομενος] Present middle participle of εκτρεπω ektrepō for which see note on 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 5:15. Babblings (κενοπωνιας kenophōnias). From κενοπωνος kenophōnos uttering emptiness. Late and rare compound, in N.T. only here and 2 Timothy 2:16. Oppositions Old word “Of the falsely named knowledge.” Old word (pseudēsonoma). Our “pseudonymous.” Only here in N.T. [source]
1 Timothy 6:21Have erred [ηστοχησαν] First aorist active indicative of αστοχεω astocheō See note on 1 Timothy 1:6 for this word.sa120 [source]
2 Timothy 2:18Have erred [ηστοχησαν] “Missed the mark.” First aorist active indicative of αστοχεω astocheō for which see note on 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:21. That the resurrection is past already (αναστασιν ηδη γεγονεναι anastasin ēdē gegonenai). Second perfect active infinitive of γινομαι ginomai in indirect assertion after λεγοντες legontes (saying) with the accusative of general reference (αναστασιν anastasin). Overthrow See note on Titus 1:11. [source]
Titus 1:10Vain talkers [ματαιολογοι] Late and rare compound, empty talkers, in Vett. Val. and here. See note on 1 Timothy 1:6 for ματαιολογια mataiologia [source]
Titus 3:9Vain [μάταιοι] Only here in Pastorals. Twice in Paul, 1 Corinthians 3:20, cit.; 1 Corinthians 15:17(note). Very frequent in lxx. The sense is aimless or resultless, as μάταιος εὐχή aprayer which cannot obtain fulfilment. The questions, genealogies, etc., lead to no attainment or advancement in godliness. Comp. ματαιολογία jangling 1 Timothy 1:6; ματαιολόγοι vaintalkers, 1 Timothy 1:10; ματαιότης vanity Romans 8:20; Ephesians 4:17; ἐματαιώθησαν weremade vain, Romans 1:21; μάτην invain, Matthew 15:9. [source]
Hebrews 12:13Be turned out of the way [ἐκτραπῇ] Rend. “be put out of joint.” The A.V. is according to the more usual meaning of the verb, which, in N.T., is confined, with this exception, to the Pastoral Epistles. See 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 5:15; 2 Timothy 4:4. lxx only Amos 5:8. But it is also used by medical writers in the passive, with the meaning to be wrenched or dislocated. There is nothing strange in the use of this word in a medical sense by our writer, whose work bears the stamp of Alexandria. The Greeks received their knowledge of surgery from the Egyptians, and mural paintings and documents, and even hieroglyphic symbols, prove that that people had attained remarkable proficiency in the science. Herodotus (ch. iii. 131) mentions a medical school at Cyrene in Africa, and says that the pupils of that school were regarded as the second best physicians in all Greece. At the time of Galen (163 a.d.) the medical school of Alexandria was the most famous in the world, and Galen himself studied there. Celsus (first half of the first century a.d.), in the 7th book of his treatise De Artibius, treats of surgical operations according to the views of the Alexandrian schools. The commonly accepted rendering of the A.V., besides giving a conception which is very tame, presents two incongruities: the association of going astray with lameness, and of healing with straying. The other rendering gives a lively and consistent image. Make the paths smooth and even, so that the lame limb be not dislocated by stones or pitfalls. Do everything to avoid aggravating the weakness of a fellow-Christian. Rather try to heal it. Τὸ χωλὸν may refer either to an individual or to a section of the church which is weak and vacillating. [source]
Hebrews 12:13Straight paths [τροχιας ορτας] Track of a wheel Negative final clause with ινα μη hina mē and second aorist passive of εκτρεπω ektrepō old verb to turn out, to twist, to put out of joint. So 1 Timothy 1:6. Vivid picture of concern for the lame Graphic picture of concern for the weak, a good argument for prohibition also. [source]
What do the individual words in 1 Timothy 1:6 mean?
from whichsomehaving missed the markhave turned asidetomeaningless discourse
Greek Commentary for 1 Timothy 1:6
First aorist active participle of αστοχεω astocheō compound Koiné{[28928]}š verb (Polybius, Plutarch) from αστοχος astochos (α a privative and στοχος stochos a mark), “having missed the mark.” In N.T. only here, 1 Timothy 6:21; 2 Timothy 2:18. With the ablative case ων hōn (which). [source]
Second aorist passive indicative of εκτρεπω ektrepō old and common verb, to turn or twist out or aside. In medical sense in Hebrews 12:13. As metaphor in 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:20; 2 Timothy 4:4. Vain talking (ματαιολογιαν mataiologian). Late word from ματαιολογος mataiologos only here in N.T., in the literary Koiné. [source]
Late word from ματαιολογος mataiologos only here in N.T., in the literary Koiné. [source]
PastoIn lxx, 8:9. It means to miss the mark. [source]
oP. Comp. 1Timothy href="/desk/?q=1ti+5:15&sr=1">1 Timothy 5:15; 1 Timothy 6:20; 2 Timothy 4:4; Hebrews 12:13. [source]
N.T.oolxx. oClass. The word illustrates the writer's fondness for unusual compounds. Jangling is an early English word from the old French jangler, comp. jongleur a teller of tales. Hence jangling is empty chatter. So Chaucer,“Them that jangle of love.”Troil. and Cress ii. 800.And Piers Ploughman,“And al day to drynkenAt diverse tavernes And there to jangle and jape.”Vision, Pass. ii. 1069.Shakespeare,“This their jangling I esteem a sport.”Mids. Night's D. iii. 2.Wiclif, Exodus 17:7(earlier version), uses jangling for wrangling. “And he clepide the name of the place Temptynge for the jangling of the sons of Israel.” [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Timothy 1:6
Rev., goal. Bear down upon ( κατά ). Σκοπός markonly here in the New Testament. See on look, Phlippians 2:4. Used in the classics of a mark for shooting at, or as a moral or intellectual end. A somewhat similar figure occurs 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:21; 2 Timothy 2:18, in the verb ἀστοχέω tomiss the aim or the shot. A.V., swerved and erred. [source]
Rev., goal. Bear down upon ( κατά ). Σκοπός markonly here in the New Testament. See on look, Phlippians 2:4. Used in the classics of a mark for shooting at, or as a moral or intellectual end. A somewhat similar figure occurs 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:21; 2 Timothy 2:18, in the verb ἀστοχέω tomiss the aim or the shot. A.V., swerved and erred. [source]
See on 1 Timothy 1:6, and comp. 2 Timothy 2:18. [source]
Note the indefinite designation of the errorists, and comp. 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 4:1; 1 Timothy 5:15, 1 Timothy 5:24; 1 Timothy 6:21. The expression is contemptuous. It is assumed that Timothy knows who they are. This is after the Pauline manner. See Galatians 1:7; Galatians 2:12; 1 Corinthians 4:18; 1 Corinthians 15:12; 2 Corinthians 3:1; Colossians 2:4, Colossians 2:8. [source]
Second aorist passive indicative of εκτρεπω ektrepō old and common verb, to turn or twist out or aside. In medical sense in Hebrews 12:13. As metaphor in 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:20; 2 Timothy 4:4. Vain talking (ματαιολογιαν mataiologian). Late word from ματαιολογος mataiologos only here in N.T., in the literary Koiné. [source]
Second aorist (effective) passive indicative of εκτρεπω ektrepō See note on 1 Timothy 1:6. [source]
Present middle participle of εκτρεπω ektrepō for which see note on 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 5:15. Babblings (κενοπωνιας kenophōnias). From κενοπωνος kenophōnos uttering emptiness. Late and rare compound, in N.T. only here and 2 Timothy 2:16. Oppositions Old word “Of the falsely named knowledge.” Old word (pseudēsonoma). Our “pseudonymous.” Only here in N.T. [source]
First aorist active indicative of αστοχεω astocheō See note on 1 Timothy 1:6 for this word.sa120 [source]
See on 1 Timothy 1:6. [source]
“Missed the mark.” First aorist active indicative of αστοχεω astocheō for which see note on 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:21. That the resurrection is past already (αναστασιν ηδη γεγονεναι anastasin ēdē gegonenai). Second perfect active infinitive of γινομαι ginomai in indirect assertion after λεγοντες legontes (saying) with the accusative of general reference (αναστασιν anastasin). Overthrow See note on Titus 1:11. [source]
Late and rare compound, empty talkers, in Vett. Val. and here. See note on 1 Timothy 1:6 for ματαιολογια mataiologia [source]
N.T.oolxx, oClass. See on vain jangling, 1 Timothy 1:6. [source]
Only here in Pastorals. Twice in Paul, 1 Corinthians 3:20, cit.; 1 Corinthians 15:17(note). Very frequent in lxx. The sense is aimless or resultless, as μάταιος εὐχή aprayer which cannot obtain fulfilment. The questions, genealogies, etc., lead to no attainment or advancement in godliness. Comp. ματαιολογία jangling 1 Timothy 1:6; ματαιολόγοι vaintalkers, 1 Timothy 1:10; ματαιότης vanity Romans 8:20; Ephesians 4:17; ἐματαιώθησαν weremade vain, Romans 1:21; μάτην invain, Matthew 15:9. [source]
Rend. “be put out of joint.” The A.V. is according to the more usual meaning of the verb, which, in N.T., is confined, with this exception, to the Pastoral Epistles. See 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 5:15; 2 Timothy 4:4. lxx only Amos 5:8. But it is also used by medical writers in the passive, with the meaning to be wrenched or dislocated. There is nothing strange in the use of this word in a medical sense by our writer, whose work bears the stamp of Alexandria. The Greeks received their knowledge of surgery from the Egyptians, and mural paintings and documents, and even hieroglyphic symbols, prove that that people had attained remarkable proficiency in the science. Herodotus (ch. iii. 131) mentions a medical school at Cyrene in Africa, and says that the pupils of that school were regarded as the second best physicians in all Greece. At the time of Galen (163 a.d.) the medical school of Alexandria was the most famous in the world, and Galen himself studied there. Celsus (first half of the first century a.d.), in the 7th book of his treatise De Artibius, treats of surgical operations according to the views of the Alexandrian schools. The commonly accepted rendering of the A.V., besides giving a conception which is very tame, presents two incongruities: the association of going astray with lameness, and of healing with straying. The other rendering gives a lively and consistent image. Make the paths smooth and even, so that the lame limb be not dislocated by stones or pitfalls. Do everything to avoid aggravating the weakness of a fellow-Christian. Rather try to heal it. Τὸ χωλὸν may refer either to an individual or to a section of the church which is weak and vacillating. [source]
Track of a wheel Negative final clause with ινα μη hina mē and second aorist passive of εκτρεπω ektrepō old verb to turn out, to twist, to put out of joint. So 1 Timothy 1:6. Vivid picture of concern for the lame Graphic picture of concern for the weak, a good argument for prohibition also. [source]