KJV: Jesus answered him, I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing.
YLT: Jesus answered him, 'I spake freely to the world, I did always teach in a synagogue, and in the temple, where the Jews do always come together; and in secret I spake nothing;
Darby: Jesus answered him, I spoke openly to the world; I taught always in the synagogue and in the temple, where all the Jews come together, and in secret I have spoken nothing.
ASV: Jesus answered him, I have spoken openly to the world; I ever taught in synagogues, and in the temple, where all the Jews come together; and in secret spake I nothing.
| Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀποκρίνομαι Sense: to give an answer to a question proposed, to answer. |
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| Ἰησοῦς | Jesus |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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| παρρησίᾳ | openly |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: παρρησία Sense: freedom in speaking, unreservedness in speech. |
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| λελάληκα | have spoken |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: ἀπολαλέω Sense: to utter a voice or emit a sound. |
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| τῷ | to the |
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Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| κόσμῳ | world |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: κόσμος Sense: an apt and harmonious arrangement or constitution, order, government. |
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| πάντοτε | always |
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Parse: Adverb Root: πάντοτε Sense: at all times, always, ever. |
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| ἐδίδαξα | taught |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: διδάσκω Sense: to teach. |
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| συναγωγῇ | [the] synagogue |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: συναγωγή Sense: a bringing together, gathering (as of fruits), a contracting. |
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| ἱερῷ | temple |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: ἱερόν Sense: a sacred place, temple. |
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| ὅπου | where |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ὅπου Sense: where, whereas. |
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| Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: Ἰουδαῖος Sense: Jewish, belonging to the Jewish race. |
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| συνέρχονται | come together |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: συνέρχομαι Sense: to come together. |
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| κρυπτῷ | secret |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Neuter Singular Root: κρυπτός Sense: hidden, concealed, secret. |
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| ἐλάλησα | I spoke |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: ἀπολαλέω Sense: to utter a voice or emit a sound. |
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| οὐδέν | nothing |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: οὐδείς Sense: no one, nothing. |
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Greek Commentary for John 18:20
As already shown (John 7:4; John 8:26; John 10:24, John 10:39; John 16:25, John 16:29. See John 7:4 for same contrast between εν παρρησιαι en parrēsiāi and εν κρυπτωι en kruptōi I ever taught Constative aorist active indicative. For the temple teaching see John 2:19; John 7:14, John 7:28; John 8:20, John 19:23; Mark 14:49 and John 6:59 for the synagogue teaching (often in the Synoptics). Examples of private teaching are Nicodemus (John 3) and the woman of Samaria (John 4). Jesus ignores the sneer at his disciples, but challenges the inquiry about his teaching as needless. [source]
The best texts omit the article. Render, in synagogue: when the people were assembled. Like our phrase, in church. [source]
For πάντοτε alwaysread πάντες all Συνέρχονται is rather come together, assemble. Rev., where all the Jews come together. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 18:20
Definite like our in church, though article absent. Only use of the word in John except John 18:20. “Among the ruins at Tell Hum, the probable site of Capernaum, have been found among the remains of a synagogue a block of stone perhaps the lintel, carved with a pot of manna, and with a pattern of vine leaves and clusters of grapes” (Vincent). [source]
See Matthew 6:4, Matthew 6:6 for this phrase. Openly “In public” See Matthew 8:32. Common in John (John 7:13, John 7:26; John 10:24; John 16:25, John 16:29; John 18:20; here again contrasted with en kruptōi). It is wise advice in the abstract that a public teacher must allow inspection of his deeds, but the motive is evil. They might get Jesus into trouble. εν κρυπτωι If thou doest these things This condition of the first class assumes the reality of the deeds of Jesus, but the use of the condition at all throws doubt on it all as in Matthew 4:3, Matthew 4:6. Manifest thyself First aorist active imperative of πανερωσον σεαυτον phaneroō To the world Not just to “thy disciples,” but to the public at large as at the feast of tabernacles. See John 8:26; John 14:22 for this use of τωι κοσμωι kosmos f0). [source]
Second aorist active indicative of αναβαινω anabainō not past perfect though the action is antecedent in fact to the following τοτε ανεβη tote anebē The Greek does not always draw the precise distinction between the merely punctiliar (aorist) antecedent action and the past perfect (John 2:9; John 4:45). He also As well as the brothers. Not publicly Against their advice in John 7:4, using πανερωσον phanerōson (the very same word stem). But as it were in secret “Not with the usual caravan of pilgrims” (Bernard). Just the opposite of their advice in John 7:4 with the same phrase εν πανερωι en phanerōi Plainly Jesus purposely went contrary to the insincere counsel of his brothers as to the manner of his Messianic manifestation. This secrecy concerned solely the journey to Jerusalem, not his public teaching there after his arrival (John 7:26, John 7:28; John 18:20). [source]
Only once elsewhere in Paul, Ephesians 6:20. Frequent in Acts. Always in N.T. in connection with speaking. Derived from πᾶν everyand ῥῆσις speakingHence παρρησία boldnessbold speaking out of every word. The noun is very often used adverbially, as παρρησίᾳ boldlyor openly, Mark 8:32; see also John 18:20. In Acts always μετὰ παρρησίας withboldness, comp. Hebrews 4:16. Ἑν παρρησίᾳ inboldness, John 7:4; John 16:29; Ephesians 6:19; Philemon 1:20. Both the verb and the noun are found in lxx. See Leviticus 26:13; Proverbs 10:10; Wisd. 5:1; Sirach 6:11. [source]