KJV: For even when we were with you, this we commanded you, that if any would not work, neither should he eat.
YLT: for even when we were with you, this we did command you, that if any one is not willing to work, neither let him eat,
Darby: For also when we were with you we enjoined you this, that if any man does not like to work, neither let him eat.
ASV: For even when we were with you, this we commanded you, If any will not work, neither let him eat.
| καὶ | Even |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| ἦμεν | we were |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 1st Person Plural Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| τοῦτο | this |
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Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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| παρηγγέλλομεν | we were commanding |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 1st Person Plural Root: παραγγέλλω Sense: to transmit a message along from one to another, to declare, announce. |
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| ὅτι | that |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
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| τις | anyone |
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Parse: Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: τὶς Sense: a certain, a certain one. |
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| θέλει | is willing |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: θέλω Sense: to will, have in mind, intend. |
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| ἐργάζεσθαι | to work |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: ἐργάζομαι Sense: to work, labour, do work. |
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| μηδὲ | neither |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: μηδέ Sense: and not, but not, nor, not. |
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| ἐσθιέτω | let him eat |
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Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐσθίω Sense: to eat. |
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Greek Commentary for 2 Thessalonians 3:10
What he proceeds to give. [source]
Recitative οτι hoti here not to be translated, like our modern quotation marks. Apparently a Jewish proverb based on Genesis 3:19. Wetstein quotes several parallels. Moffatt gives this from Carlyle‘s Chartism: “He that will not work according to his faculty, let him perish according to his necessity.” Deissmann (Light from the Ancient East, p. 314) sees Paul borrowing a piece of workshop morality. It was needed, as is plain. This is a condition of the first class (note negative ου ou) with the negative imperative in the conclusion. [source]
A Jewish proverb. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 2 Thessalonians 3:10
Second aorist middle (indirect, to themselves) participle of προσλαμβανω proslambanō old and common verb. Certain vile fellows of the rabble (των αγοραιων ανδρας τινας πονηρους tōn agoraiōn andras tinas ponērous). The αγορα agora or market-place was the natural resort for those with nothing to do (Matthew 20:4) like the court-house square today or various parks in our cities where bench-warmers flock. Plato (Protagoras 347 C) calls these αγοραιοι agoraioi (common word, but in N.T. only here and Acts 19:38) idlers or good-for-nothing fellows. They are in every city and such “bums” are ready for any job. The church in Thessalonica caught some of these peripatetic idlers (2 Thessalonians 3:10.) “doing nothing but doing about.” So the Jewish preachers gather to themselves a choice collection of these market-loungers or loafers or wharf-rats. The Romans called them subrostrani (hangers round the rostrum or subbasilicari). Gathering a crowd Literally, making or getting Imperfect active of τορυβεω thorubeō from τορυβος thorubos (tumult), old verb, but in the N.T. only here and Acts 20:10; Matthew 9:23; Mark 4:39. They kept up the din, this combination of rabbis and rabble. Assaulting the house of Jason Second aorist (ingressive) active of επιστημι ephistēmi taking a stand against, rushing at, because he was Paul‘s host. He may have been a Gentile (Jason the name of an ancient king of Thessaly), but the Jews often used it for Joshua or Jesus (II Macc. Joshua 1:7). They sought (εζητουν ezētoun). Imperfect active. They burst into the house and searched up and down. Them Paul and Silas. They were getting ready to have a lynching party. [source]
The αγορα agora or market-place was the natural resort for those with nothing to do (Matthew 20:4) like the court-house square today or various parks in our cities where bench-warmers flock. Plato (Protagoras 347 C) calls these αγοραιοι agoraioi (common word, but in N.T. only here and Acts 19:38) idlers or good-for-nothing fellows. They are in every city and such “bums” are ready for any job. The church in Thessalonica caught some of these peripatetic idlers (2 Thessalonians 3:10.) “doing nothing but doing about.” So the Jewish preachers gather to themselves a choice collection of these market-loungers or loafers or wharf-rats. The Romans called them subrostrani (hangers round the rostrum or subbasilicari). [source]
Adverbial accusative, as a gift, gift-wise Same claim made to the Corinthians (2 Corinthians 11:7), old word, in lxx, and papyri. He lodged with Jason, but did not receive his meals gratis, for he paid for them. Apparently he received no invitations to meals. Paul had to make his financial independence clear to avoid false charges which were made in spite of all his efforts. To eat bread is merely a Hebraism for eat (2 Thessalonians 3:10). See note on 1 Thessalonians 2:9 for labour and travail, and night and day See note on 1 Thessalonians 2:9 for rest of the verse in precisely the same words. [source]
First aorist active infinitive of προσμενω prosmenō old verb, attributed by Luke to Paul in Acts 13:43. That thou mightest charge (ινα παραγγειληις hina paraggeilēis). Subfinal clause with ινα hina and the first aorist active subjunctive of παραγγελλω paraggellō old verb, to transmit a message along (παρα para) from one to another. See 2 Thessalonians 3:4, 2 Thessalonians 3:6, 2 Thessalonians 3:10. Lock considers this idiom here an elliptical imperative like Ephesians 4:29; Ephesians 5:33. Certain men Dative case. Expressly vague (no names as in 1 Timothy 1:20), though Paul doubtless has certain persons in Ephesus in mind. Not to teach a different doctrine (μη ετεροδιδασκαλειν mē heterodidaskalein). Earliest known use of this compound like κακοδιδασκαλειν kakodidaskalein of Clement of Rome. Only other N.T. example in 1 Timothy 6:3. Eusebius has ετεροδιδασκαλος heterodidaskalos Same idea in Galatians 1:6; 2 Corinthians 11:4; Romans 16:17. Perhaps coined by Paul. [source]
Subfinal clause with ινα hina and the first aorist active subjunctive of παραγγελλω paraggellō old verb, to transmit a message along (παρα para) from one to another. See 2 Thessalonians 3:4, 2 Thessalonians 3:6, 2 Thessalonians 3:10. Lock considers this idiom here an elliptical imperative like Ephesians 4:29; Ephesians 5:33. [source]
Present active imperative, keep on learning how. To maintain See Titus 3:8. For necessary uses (εις αναγκαιας χρειας eis anagkaias chreias). “For necessary wants.” No idlers wanted. See 1 Thessalonians 4:12; 2 Thessalonians 3:10. -DIVIDER- Unfruitful (ακαρποι akarpoi). See note on 1 Corinthians 14:14; Ephesians 5:11. [source]
See Titus 3:8. For necessary uses (εις αναγκαιας χρειας eis anagkaias chreias). “For necessary wants.” No idlers wanted. See 1 Thessalonians 4:12; 2 Thessalonians 3:10. -DIVIDER- Unfruitful (ακαρποι akarpoi). See note on 1 Corinthians 14:14; Ephesians 5:11. [source]
Imperative second aorist active (intransitive) of αντιστημι anthistēmi same form in James 4:7, which see. Dative case of relative For the imperative in a subordinate clause see 1 Peter 5:12; 2 Thessalonians 3:10; 2 Timothy 4:15; Hebrews 13:7. Cowardice never wins against the devil (2 Timothy 1:7), but only courage. [source]