KJV: Whom resist stedfast in the faith, knowing that the same afflictions are accomplished in your brethren that are in the world.
YLT: whom resist, stedfast in the faith, having known the same sufferings to your brotherhood in the world to be accomplished.
Darby: Whom resist, stedfast in faith, knowing that the selfsame sufferings are accomplished in your brotherhood which is in the world.
ASV: whom withstand stedfast in your faith, knowing that the same sufferings are accomplished in your brethren who are in the world.
| ᾧ | whom |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| ἀντίστητε | you should resist |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: ἀνθίστημι Sense: to set one’s self against, to withstand, resist, oppose. |
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| στερεοὶ | firm |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: στερεός Sense: strong, firm, immovable, solid, hard, rigid. |
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| τῇ | in the |
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Parse: Article, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| πίστει | faith |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: πίστις Sense: conviction of the truth of anything, belief; in the NT of a conviction or belief respecting man’s relationship to God and divine things, generally with the included idea of trust and holy fervour born of faith and joined with it. |
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| εἰδότες | knowing |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: οἶδα Sense: to see. |
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| αὐτὰ | same |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Nominative Neuter 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| τῶν | - |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| παθημάτων | sufferings |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: πάθημα Sense: that which one suffers or has suffered. |
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| τῇ | - |
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Parse: Article, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ἐν | throughout |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐν Sense: in, by, with etc. |
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| κόσμῳ | world |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: κόσμος Sense: an apt and harmonious arrangement or constitution, order, government. |
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| ὑμῶν | in your |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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| ἀδελφότητι | brotherhood |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ἀδελφότης Sense: brotherhood, brotherly kindness. |
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| ἐπιτελεῖσθαι | to be accomplished |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: ἐπιτελέω Sense: to bring to an end, accomplish, perfect, execute, complete. |
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Greek Commentary for 1 Peter 5:9
Imperative second aorist active (intransitive) of αντιστημι anthistēmi same form in James 4:7, which see. Dative case of relative For the imperative in a subordinate clause see 1 Peter 5:12; 2 Thessalonians 3:10; 2 Timothy 4:15; Hebrews 13:7. Cowardice never wins against the devil (2 Timothy 1:7), but only courage. [source]
Locative case πιστει pistei Στερεος Stereos is old adjective for solid like a foundation (2 Timothy 2:19).The same sufferings (τα αυτα των πατηματων ta auta tōn pathēmatōn). An unusual construction with the genitive rather than the usual τα αυτα πατηματα ta auta pathēmata perhaps as Hofmann suggests, “the same tax of sufferings” (“the same things in sufferings”). Probably this is correct and is like Xenophon‘s phrase in the Memorabilia (IV. 8. 8), τα του γηρως επιτελεισται ta tou gērōs epiteleisthai (to pay the tax of old age).Are accomplished Present (and so process) middle (you are paying) or passive (is paid) infinitive of επιτελεω epiteleō old verb, to accomplish (2 Corinthians 7:1).In your brethren who are in the world (τηι εν τωι κοσμωι υμων αδελποτητι tēi en tōi kosmōi humōn adelphotēti). Associate-instrumental case αδελποτητι adelphotēti (in N.T. only here and 1 Peter 2:17, which see) after τα αυτα ta auta (like 1 Corinthians 11:5) or dative after επιτελεισται epiteleisthai Even so ειδοτες eidotes (second perfect active participle of οιδα oida) with an infinitive usually means “knowing how to” (object infinitive) as in Luke 12:56; Philemon 3:18 rather than “knowing that” (indirect assertion) as taken above. [source]
An unusual construction with the genitive rather than the usual τα αυτα πατηματα ta auta pathēmata perhaps as Hofmann suggests, “the same tax of sufferings” (“the same things in sufferings”). Probably this is correct and is like Xenophon‘s phrase in the Memorabilia (IV. 8. 8), τα του γηρως επιτελεισται ta tou gērōs epiteleisthai (to pay the tax of old age). [source]
Present (and so process) middle (you are paying) or passive (is paid) infinitive of επιτελεω epiteleō old verb, to accomplish (2 Corinthians 7:1).In your brethren who are in the world (τηι εν τωι κοσμωι υμων αδελποτητι tēi en tōi kosmōi humōn adelphotēti). Associate-instrumental case αδελποτητι adelphotēti (in N.T. only here and 1 Peter 2:17, which see) after τα αυτα ta auta (like 1 Corinthians 11:5) or dative after επιτελεισται epiteleisthai Even so ειδοτες eidotes (second perfect active participle of οιδα oida) with an infinitive usually means “knowing how to” (object infinitive) as in Luke 12:56; Philemon 3:18 rather than “knowing that” (indirect assertion) as taken above. [source]
Associate-instrumental case αδελποτητι adelphotēti (in N.T. only here and 1 Peter 2:17, which see) after τα αυτα ta auta (like 1 Corinthians 11:5) or dative after επιτελεισται epiteleisthai Even so ειδοτες eidotes (second perfect active participle of οιδα oida) with an infinitive usually means “knowing how to” (object infinitive) as in Luke 12:56; Philemon 3:18 rather than “knowing that” (indirect assertion) as taken above. [source]
The Rev., very judiciously, substitutes withstand; resist having been already used in 1 Peter 5:5for ἀντιτάσσεται . Withstand is, moreover, the more accurate rendering; as the verb means rather to be firm against onset than to strive against it. With in withstand is the Saxon wid, against, which appears in the German wider. [source]
Compare 2 Timothy 2:19; and the kindred verb στερεόω , to strengthen (Acts 3:7, Acts 3:16; Acts 16:5). Paul, in Colossians 2:5, uses a cognate noun, στερέωμα , evidently as a military metaphor: “Beholding your order ( τάξιν , compare ἀντιτάσσεται , 1 Peter 5:5) and your solid front or close phalanx ” ( στερέωμα )It might be difficult to find, on the whole, a better rendering than steadfast, yet it falls a little short of the meaning. Steadfast is Anglo-Saxon, stede, a place, andfaest, fast; and hence means firm in its place; but στερεοὶ conveys also the sense of compactness, compact solidity, and is appropriate, since a number of individuals are addressed and exhorted to withstand the onset of Satan as one compacted body. Στερεός implies solidity in the very mass and body of the thing itself; steadfastness, mere holding of place. A rock is στερεός , firm, solid; but a flexible weed with its tough roots resisting all efforts to pull it up, may be steadfast. The exhortation is appropriate from Peter, the Rock. [source]
Rev., better, sufferings. A very peculiar construction, occurring nowhere else in the New Testament. Lit., the same things of sufferings, emphasizing the idea of identity. [source]
More correctly, are being accomplished. The present infinitive denotes something in process of accomplishment. [source]
Lit., brotherhood. Only here and 1 Peter 2:17. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Peter 5:9
The word is found in connection with ἀνάρχεσθαι tobegin, in 2 Corinthians 8:6; Philemon 1:6. The A.V. and Rev. render here in the passive voice. The active voice, always in N.T. with the object expressed, means to bring to completion. See Romans 15:28; 2 Corinthians 7:1; Philemon 1:6; Hebrews 8:5. The passive only 1 Peter 5:9. It is true that the verb in the middle voice is not found in either N.T. or lxx; but it is not uncommon in Class. and answers better to the middle ἀναρξάμενοι havingbegun. It implies more than bringing to an end; rather to a consummation. Rend.: having begun in the spirit are ye coming to completion in the flesh? The last phrase has an ironical tinge, suggesting the absurdity of expecting perfection on the Jewish basis of legal righteousness. The present tense indicates that they have already begun upon this attempt. [source]
Rather middle voice as in 1 Peter 5:9, finishing of yourselves. There is a double contrast, between εναρχαμενοι enarxamenoi (having begun) and επιτελειστε epiteleisthe (finishing) as in 2 Corinthians 8:6; Philemon 1:6, and also between “Spirit” There is keen irony in this thrust. [source]
Only here in the New Testament. See on 1 Peter 5:9. The kindred adjective στερεός solidoccurs 2 Timothy 2:19; Hebrews 5:12; 1 Peter 5:9; and the verb στερεόω tomake solid, Acts 3:7; Acts 16:5. The military metaphor is continued. Faith is represented as a host solidly drawn up: your solid front, close phalanx. The verb is found in this sense in the Apocrypha, Ezekiel href="/desk/?q=eze+13:5&sr=1">Ezekiel 13:5, where the noun has the sense of stronghold: “They stood not ἐν στερέωματι inthe stronghold.” So Psalm 17:2, “The Lord is my strength;” stronghold or bulwark. The firmament, Genesis 1:6; Ezekiel 1:22. In Esther 9:22, of the confirmation of a letter. [source]
From στερεοω stereoō (from στερεος stereos) to make steady, and probably the same military metaphor as in ταχιν taxin just before. The solid part of the line which can and does stand the attack of the Gnostics. See note on Acts 16:5 where the verb στερεοω stereoō is used with πιστις pistis and 1 Peter 5:9 where the adjective στερεος stereos is so used. In 2 Thessalonians 3:6, 2 Thessalonians 3:8, 2 Thessalonians 3:11 Paul speaks of his own ταχις taxis (orderly conduct). [source]
Common use of αλλα alla in the apodosis (conclusion) of a conditional or concessive sentence. Your order (την ταχιν tēn taxin). The military line (from τασσω tassō), unbroken, intact. A few stragglers had gone over to the Gnostics, but there had been no panic, no breach in the line. Steadfastness From στερεοω stereoō (from στερεος stereos) to make steady, and probably the same military metaphor as in ταχιν taxin just before. The solid part of the line which can and does stand the attack of the Gnostics. See note on Acts 16:5 where the verb στερεοω stereoō is used with πιστις pistis and 1 Peter 5:9 where the adjective στερεος stereos is so used. In 2 Thessalonians 3:6, 2 Thessalonians 3:8, 2 Thessalonians 3:11 Paul speaks of his own ταχις taxis (orderly conduct). [source]
Wrong. Στερεὸς sureis attributive, not predicative. Rend. the firm foundation of God standeth. The phrase foundation of God, N.T.o Θεμέλιος foundationis an adjective, and λίθος stoneis to be supplied. It is not to be taken by metonymy for οἰκία house(2 Timothy 2:20), but must be interpreted consistently with it, and, in a loose way, represents or foreshadows it. So we speak of an endowed institution as a foundation. By “the sure foundation of God” is meant the church, which is “the pillar and stay of the truth” (1 Timothy 3:15), by means of which the truth of God is to withstand the assaults of error. The church has its being in the contents of “the sound teaching” (1 Timothy 1:10), which is “according to godliness” (1 Timothy 6:3), and which is deposited in it. “The mystery of godliness “ is intrusted to it (1 Timothy 3:16). Its servants possess “the mystery of the faith” (1 Timothy 3:9). In 1 Corinthians 3:11, Christ is represented as “ the chief corner-stone.” In Ephesians 2:20, the church is built “upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets,” with Christ as the corner-stone, and grows into a “holy temple ( ναὸν ) in the Lord.” Here, the church itself is the foundation, and the building is conceived as a great dwelling-house. While the conception of the church here does not contradict that of Paul, the difference is apparent between it and the conception in Ephesians, where the church is the seat of the indwelling and energy of the Holy Spirit. Comp. 1 Corinthians 3:16, 1 Corinthians 3:17. Στερεός firmonly here, Hebrews 5:12, Hebrews 5:14, and 1 Peter 5:9(note). Ἕστηκεν standethin contrast with overthrow (2 Timothy 2:18). [source]
Old adjective, solid, compact, in N.T. only here, 1 Peter 5:9; Hebrews 5:12, Hebrews 5:14. See στερεωμα stereōma in Colossians 2:5. For τεμελιος themelios see note on 1 Corinthians 3:11; Romans 15:20; 1 Timothy 6:19. Cf. εδραιωμα hedraiōma in 1 Timothy 3:15. Seal (σπραγις sphragis). See 1 Corinthians 9:2; Romans 4:11. Knoweth Timeless aorist active indicative of γινωσκω ginōskō Quotation from Numbers 16:5. Let every one depart (αποστητω πας apostētō pās). Paraphrase of Numbers 16:27; Isaiah 26:13; Isaiah 52:11; Jeremiah 20:9. Second aorist active imperative of απιστημι aphistēmi (intransitive use), “Let every one stand off from.” Probably another echo of the rebellion of Korah. [source]
Lit. solid meat. See on steadfast, 1 Peter 5:9. More advanced doctrinal teaching. The explanation of the Melchisedec priesthood to which the writer was about to pass involved the exhibition for the first time of the opposition of the N.T. economy of salvation to that of the old, and of the imperfection and abrogation of the O.T. priesthood. To apprehend this consequence of N.T. revelation required alert and matured minds. This is why he pauses to dwell on the sluggish mental and spiritual condition of his readers. [source]
The word is akin at the root to στερεός ,steadfast (1 Peter 5:9), and is the very word used by Christ in his exhortation to Peter, “strengthen thy brethren” (Luke 22:32). Possibly there is a reminiscence of this in Peter's use of the word here. Compare 1 Thessalonians 3:13; 2 Thessalonians 2:17; James 5:8; Revelation 3:2. [source]
His fellow-Christian. The singular, brother, is characteristic of this Epistle. See 1 John 2:10, 1 John 2:11; 1 John 3:10, 1 John 3:15, 1 John 3:17; 1 John 4:20, 1 John 4:21; 1 John 5:16. Christians are called in the New Testament, Christians (Acts 11:26; Acts 26:28; 1 Peter 4:16), mainly by those outside of the Christian circle. Disciples, applied to all followers of Christ (John 2:11; John 6:61) and strictly to the twelve (John 13:5sqq.). In Acts 19:1, to those who had received only John's baptism. Not found in John's Epistles nor in Revelation. Brethren. The first title given to the body of believers after the Ascension (Acts 1:15, where the true reading is ἀδελφῶν brethrenfor μαθητῶν disciples). See Acts 9:30; Acts 10:23; Acts 11:29; 1 Thessalonians 4:10; 1 Thessalonians 5:26; 1 John 3:14; 3 John 1:5, 3 John 1:10; John 21:23. Peter has ἡ ἀδελφότης thebrotherhood (1 Peter 2:17; 1 Peter 5:9). The believers. Under three forms: The believers ( οἱ πιστοί ; Acts 10:45; 1 Timothy 4:12); they that believe ( οἱ πιστεύοντες ; 1 Peter 2:7; 1 Thessalonians 1:7; Ephesians 1:19); they that believed ( οἱ πιστεύσαντες ; Acts 2:44; Acts 4:32; Hebrews 4:3). The saints ( οἱ ἅγιοι ); characteristic of Paul and Revelation. Four times in the Acts (Acts 9:13, Acts 9:32, Acts 9:41; Acts 26:10), and once in Jude (Judges 1:3). Also Hebrews 6:10; Hebrews 13:24. In Paul, 1 Corinthians 6:1; 1 Corinthians 14:33; Ephesians 1:1, Ephesians 1:15, etc. In Revelation 5:8; Revelation 8:3, Revelation 8:4; Revelation 11:18, etc.|Until now ( ἕως ἄρτι )|Though the light has been increasing, and though he may claim that he has been in the light from the first. The phrase occurs in John 2:10; John 5:17; John 16:24; and is used by Paul, 1 Corinthians 4:13; 1 Corinthians 8:7; 1 Corinthians 15:6.| [source]
Lit., as Rev., the power of her luxury. Στρῆνος is akin to στερεός firmhard, stubborn (see on steadfast, 1 Peter 5:9). Hence over-strength, luxury, wantonness. Only here in the New Testament. The kindred verb στρηνιάω tolive deliciously occurs Revelation 18:7, Revelation 18:9. [source]