KJV: For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come.
YLT: for the bodily exercise is unto little profit, and the piety is to all things profitable, a promise having of the life that now is, and of that which is coming;
Darby: for bodily exercise is profitable for a little, but piety is profitable for everything, having promise of life, of the present one, and of that to come.
ASV: for bodily exercise is profitable for a little; but godliness is profitable for all things, having promise of the life which now is, and of that which is to come.
ἡ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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σωματικὴ | bodily |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: σωματικός Sense: corporeal, bodily. |
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γυμνασία | exercise |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: γυμνασία Sense: the exercise of the body in a palaestra or school of athletics. |
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ὀλίγον | a little |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὀλίγος Sense: little, small, few. |
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ὠφέλιμος | profit |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ὠφέλιμος Sense: profitable. |
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εὐσέβεια | godliness |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: εὐσέβεια Sense: reverence, respect. |
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πάντα | everything |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: πᾶς Sense: individually. |
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ὠφέλιμός | profitable |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ὠφέλιμος Sense: profitable. |
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ἐπαγγελίαν | [the] promise |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ἐπαγγελία Sense: announcement. |
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ἔχουσα | holding |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ἔχω Sense: to have, i.e. to hold. |
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ζωῆς | of life |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ζωή Sense: life. |
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τῆς | of the |
Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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νῦν | present |
Parse: Adverb Root: νῦν Sense: at this time, the present, now. |
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τῆς | of the [one] |
Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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μελλούσης | coming |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: μέλλω Sense: to be about. |
Greek Commentary for 1 Timothy 4:8
Γυμνασια Gumnasia (from γυμναζω gumnazō), also a common old word, here only in N.T. So also σωματικη sōmatikē (from σωμα sōma body) in N.T. only here and Luke 3:22. [source]
Another old word (from ωπελεω ōpheleō to help, to profit), in N.T. only here, Titus 3:8; 2 Timothy 3:16. For a little (προς ολιγον pros oligon). “For little.” Probably extent in contrast to προς παντα pros panta (for all things), though in James 4:14 it is time “for a little while.” Which now is “The now life.” Of that which is to come (της μελλουσης tēs mellousēs). “Of the coming (future) life.” [source]
“For little.” Probably extent in contrast to προς παντα pros panta (for all things), though in James 4:14 it is time “for a little while.” [source]
“The now life.” Of that which is to come (της μελλουσης tēs mellousēs). “Of the coming (future) life.” [source]
“Of the coming (future) life.” [source]
With γυμνασία comp. γύμναζε , 1 Timothy 4:7. N.T.o Σωματικός bodilyonly here and Luke 3:22. olxx. The adverb σωματικῶς bodily-wise Colossians 2:9. The words are to be taken in their literal sense as referring to physical training in the palaestra - boxing, racing, etc. Comp. 1 Corinthians 9:24-27. Some, however, find in them an allusion to current ascetic practices; against which is the statement that such exercise is profitable, though only for a little. [source]
Lit. is profitable for a little. The phrase πρὸς ὀλίγον only here and James 5:14. In the latter passage it means for a little while. Comp. Hebrews 12:10, πρὸς ὀλίγας ἡμέρας for a few days. According to some, this is the meaning here; but against this is the antithesis πρὸς πάντα unto all things. The meaning is rather, the use of the athlete's training extends to only a few things. Ὡφέλιμος usefulor profitable, only in Pastorals. Comp. 2 Timothy 3:16; Titus 3:8. olxx. [source]
See on 1 Timothy 2:2, and Introduction, VI. [source]
The exact phrase only here. Comp. 2 Corinthians 7:1; Hebrews 7:6. The participle is explanatory, since it has promise. For ἐπαγγελία promisesee on Acts 1:4. [source]
According to the strict Greek idiom, life the now. This idiom and the following, τῆς μελλούσης N.T.oThe phrase ὁ νῦν αἰών thepresent aeon, 1 Timothy 6:17; 2 Timothy 4:10; Titus 2:12. Ὁ αἰών οὗτος this aeon, a few times in the Gospels, often in Paul, nowhere else. We have ὁ αἰών ὁ μέλλων theaeon which is to be, and ὁ αἰών ὁ ἐρχόμενος or ἐπερχόμενος theaeon which is coming on, in the Gospels, once in Paul (Ephesians 2:7), and in Hebrews once, μέλλων αἰών without the article. Ἑν τῷ καιρῷ τούτῳ inthis time, of the present as contrasted with the future life, Mark 10:30; Luke 18:30. Ὁ νυν καιρός thenow time, in the same relation, Romans 8:18. For ζωὴ lifesee on John 1:4. The force of the genitive with ἐπαγγελία promisemay be expressed by for. Godliness involves a promise for this life and for the next; but for this life as it reflects the heavenly life, is shaped and controlled by it, and bears its impress. Godliness has promise for the present life because it has promise for the life which is to come. Only the life which is in Christ Jesus (2 Timothy 1:1) is life indeed, 1 Timothy 6:19. Comp. 1 Peter 3:10; 1 Corinthians 3:21-23. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Timothy 4:8
Or, better, in a race-course. From ἵστημι toplace or establish. Hence a stated distance; a standard of length. In all other New-Testament passages it is used of a measure of length, and is rendered furlong, representing 606.75 English feet. From the fact that the race-courses were usually of exactly this length, the word was applied to the race-course itself. The position chosen for the stadium was usually on the side of a hill, which would furnish a natural slope for seats; a corresponding elevation on the opposite side, being formed by a mound of earth, and the seats being supported upon arches. The stadium was oblong in shape, and semicircular at one end; though, after the Roman conquest of Greece, both ends were often made semicircular. A straight wall shut in the area at one end, and here were the entrances and the starting-place for the runners. At the other end was the goal, which, like the starting-point, was marked by a square pillar. Half-way between these was a third pillar. On the first pillar was inscribed excel; on the second, hasten; on the third, turn, since the racers turned round the column to go back to the starting-point. The isthmus of Corinth was the scene of the Isthmian games, one of the four great national festivals of the Greeks. The celebration was a season of great rejoicing and feasting. The contests included horse, foot, and chariot-racing; wrestling, boxing, musical and poetical trials, and later, fights of animals. The victor's prize was a garland of pine leaves, and his victory was generally celebrated in triumphal odes called epinikia of which specimens remain among the poems of Pindar. At the period of Paul's epistles the games were still celebrated, and the apostle himself may very probably have been present. At the same time, he would have been familiar with similar scenes in Tarsus, in all the great cities of Asia Minor, especially Ephesus, and even in Jerusalem. Metaphors and allusions founded upon such spectacles abound in Paul's writings. Racers, 1 Corinthians 9:24; boxers, 1 Corinthians 9:26, 1 Corinthians 9:27; gladiators fighting with beasts, 1 Corinthians 15:32; the judge awarding the prize, 2 Timothy 4:8; the goal and the prize, 1 Corinthians 9:24; Philemon 3:14; the chaplet, 1 Corinthians 9:25; 2 Timothy 2:5; 2 Timothy 4:8, the training for the contest, 1 Timothy 4:7, 1 Timothy 4:8; the rules governing it, 2 Timothy 2:5; the chariot-race, Philemon 3:14. These images never occur in the gospels. See on of life, Revelation 2:10. [source]
Comp. 1 Timothy 3:12; Titus 1:6. Is the injunction aimed (a) at immoralities respecting marriage - concubinage, etc., or (b) at polygamy, or (c) at remarriage after death or divorce? The last is probably meant. Much of the difficulty arises from the assumption that the Pastorals were written by Paul. In that case his views seem to conflict. See Romans 7:2, Romans 7:3; 1 Corinthians 7:39; 1 Corinthians 8:8, 1 Corinthians 8:9, where Paul declares that widows are free to marry again, and puts widows and virgins on the same level; and comp. 1 Timothy 5:9, according to which a widow is to be enrolled only on the condition of having been the wife of but one man. The Pauline view is modified in detail by the writer of the Pastorals. Paul, while asserting that marriage is right and honorable, regards celibacy as the higher state (1 Corinthians 7:1, 1 Corinthians 7:7, 1 Corinthians 7:26, 1 Corinthians 7:34, 1 Corinthians 7:37, 1 Corinthians 7:38). In this the Pastoral writer does not follow him (see 1 Timothy 2:15; 1 Timothy 3:4, 1 Timothy 3:12; 1 Timothy 4:3; 1 Timothy 5:10, 1 Timothy 5:14). The motive for marriage, namely, protection against incontinency, which is adduced by Paul in 1 Corinthians 7:2, 1 Corinthians 7:9, is given in 1 Timothy 5:11-14. As in Paul, the married state is honorable, for Bishops, Deacons, and Presbyters are married (1 Timothy 3:2, 1 Timothy 3:12; Titus 1:6), and the honor of childbearing conferred upon the mother of our Lord is reflected in the Christian woman of later times (1 Timothy 2:15). While Paul advises against second marriages (1 Corinthians 7:8, 1 Corinthians 7:9, 1 Corinthians 7:27, 1 Corinthians 7:39, 1 Corinthians 7:40), in the Pastorals emphasis is laid only on the remarriage of church-officers and church-widows. In the Pastorals we see a reflection of the conditions of the earlier post-apostolic age, when a non-Pauline asceticism was showing itself (see 1 Timothy 4:3, 1 Timothy 4:4, 1 Timothy 4:8; Titus 1:15). The opposition to second marriage became very strong in the latter part of the second century. It was elevated into an article of faith by the Montanists, and was emphasized by Tertullian, and by Athenagoras, who called second marriage “a specious adultery” ( εὐπρεπής μοιχεία )|Vigilant ( νηφάλιον )|Only in the Pastorals. See 1 Timothy 3:11, and Titus 2:2. olxx. The kindred verb νήφειν means to be sober with reference to drink, and, in a metaphorical sense, to be sober and wary; cool and unimpassioned. Thus Epicharmus, νᾶφε καὶ μέμνας ἀπιστεῖν bewary and remember not to be credulous. See on 1 Thessalonians 5:6. In N.T. the meaning of the verb is always metaphorical, to be calm, dispassionate, and circumspect. The A.V. vigilant is too limited. Wise caution may be included; but it is better to render sober, as A.V. in 1 Timothy 3:11and Titus 2:2, in the metaphorical sense as opposed to youthful levity.|Of good behavior ( κόσμιον )|oP. Only here and 1 Timothy 2:9, see note. Rend. orderly.|Given to hospitality ( φιλόξενον )|oP. Comp. Titus 1:8; 1 Peter 4:9. See note on pursuing hospitality, Romans 12:13.|Apt to teach ( διδακτικόν )|oP. Only here and 2 Timothy 2:24. olxx, oClass. In the Pastorals the function of teaching pertains to both Bishops and Elders (see 1 Timothy 5:17; Titus 1:9). It is at this point that the tendency to confound and identify the two reveals itself. Bishops and Presbyters are not identical. Earlier, the teaching function does not seem to have attached to the position of ἐπίσκοπος. The office acquired a different character when it assumed that function, which is not assigned to it in Clement's Epistle to the Corinthians. In the Didache or Teaching of the Twelve Apostles (about 100 a.d.) the ministry of teaching is to be assumed by the Bishops only in the absence of the Prophets and Teachers (xiii., xv).| [source]
Better, eternal life. See additional not on 2 Thessalonians 1:9. The conception of life eternal is not limited to the future life (as von Soden). Godliness has promise of the life which now is, as well as of that which is to come (1 Timothy 4:8). The promise of eternal life (2 Timothy 1:1) and the words who brought life and immortality to light through the gospel (2 Timothy 1:10) may fairly be taken to cover the present life. [source]
The godliness (ευσεβεια eusebeia) of 1 Timothy 4:8. See 2 Corinthians 6:10 as Paul‘s own commentary. [source]
A phrase peculiar to the Pastorals. Ὑγιαίνειν tobe in good health, Luke 5:31; Luke 7:10; 3 John 1:2. oP. Quite frequent in lxx, and invariably in the literal sense. Often in salutations or dismissals. See 9:19; 2Samuel href="/desk/?q=2sa+14:8&sr=1">2 Samuel 14:8; Exodus 4:18. In the Pastorals, the verb, which occurs eight times, is six times associated with διδασκαλία teachingor λόγοι wordsand twice with ἐν τῇ πίστει or τῇ πίστει inthe faith. The sound teaching (comp. διδαχή teaching 2 Timothy 4:2; Titus 1:9) which is thus commended is Paul's, who teaches in Christ's name and by his authority (2 Timothy 1:13; 2 Timothy 2:2, 2 Timothy 2:8). In all the three letters it is called ἀλη.θεια or ἡ ἀλήθεια thetruth, the knowledge ( ἐπίγνωσις ) of which is bound up with salvation. See 1 Timothy 2:4; 2 Timothy 2:25; 2 Timothy 3:7; Titus 1:1. As truth it is sound or healthful. It is the object of faith. To be sound in the faith is, practically, to follow ( παρακολουθεῖν ) sound teaching or the truth. The subjective characteristic of Christians is εὐσέβεια or θεοσέβεια godlinessor piety (1 Timothy 2:2, 1 Timothy 2:10; 1 Timothy 3:16; 1 Timothy 4:7, 1 Timothy 4:8; 1 Timothy 6:6, 1 Timothy 6:11); and the teaching and knowledge of the truth are represented as κατ ' εὐσέβειαν accordingto godliness (1 Timothy 6:3; Titus 1:1). Comp. εὐσεβεῖν toshow piety, 1 Timothy 5:4. εὐσεβῶς ζῇν to live godly, 2 Timothy 3:12; Titus 2:12; and βίον διάγειν ἐν πάσῃ εὐσεβείᾳ tolead a life in all godliness, 1 Timothy 2:2. The contents of this sound teaching which is according to godliness are not theoretical or dogmatic truth, but Christian ethics, with faith and love. See 1 Timothy 1:14; 1 Timothy 2:15; 1 Timothy 4:12; 1 Timothy 6:11; 2 Timothy 1:13; 2 Timothy 3:10; Titus 2:2. Ἁλήθεια truthis used of moral things, rather than in the high religious sense of Paul. Comp., for instance, Romans 3:7; Romans 9:1; 1 Corinthians 5:8; 2 Corinthians 4:2; 2 Corinthians 11:10; Galatians 2:5; Ephesians 4:21, Ephesians 4:24; and 2 Timothy 2:25, 2 Timothy 2:26; 2 Timothy 3:7(comp. 2 Timothy 3:1-9); 2 Timothy 4:3, 2 Timothy 4:4; Titus 1:12(comp. Titus 1:11, Titus 1:15); Titus 2:4(comp. Titus 2:1, Titus 2:3); Titus 3:1. Whoever grasps the truth has faith (2 Timothy 1:13; 2 Timothy 2:18; 2 Timothy 3:8; Titus 1:3f.). That the ethical character of faith is emphasized, appears from the numerous expressions regarding the false teachers, as 1 Timothy 1:19; 1 Timothy 4:1; 1 Timothy 5:8, 1 Timothy 5:12; 1 Timothy 6:10, 1 Timothy 6:21. There is a tendency to objectify faith, regarding it as something believed rather than as the act of believing. See 1 Timothy 1:19; 1 Timothy 4:1; 1 Timothy 6:10, 1 Timothy 6:21; Titus 1:4. In comparing the ideal of righteousness (1 Timothy 1:9) with that of Paul, note that it is not denied that Christ is the source of true righteousness; but according to Paul, the man who is not under the law is the man who lives by faith in Christ. Paul emphasizes this. It is faith in Christ which sets one free from the law. Here, the man for whom the law is not made (1 Timothy 1:9) is the man who is ethically conformed to the norm of sound teaching. The two conceptions do not exclude each other: the sound teaching is according to the gospel (1 Timothy 1:11), but the point of emphasis is shifted.| [source]
According to A.V., καὶ and is merely the copula between two predicates of γραφὴ . It is divinely inspired and is profitable. According to the interpretation given above, καὶ has the force of also. Every divinely-inspired Scripture is, besides being so inspired and for that reason, also profitable, etc. Ὡφέλιμος profitablePastoSee on 1 Timothy 4:8. [source]
The phrase promise of life only here and 1 Timothy 4:8. oP. Life in Christ is a Pauline thought. See Romans 8:2; 2 Corinthians 4:10; Romans 6:2-14; Galatians 2:19, Galatians 2:20; Colossians 3:4; Philemon 1:21. It is also a Johannine thought; see John 1:4; John 3:15; John 6:25; John 14:6; 1 John 5:11. [source]
Αποστόλος κατὰ does not appear in any of the Pauline salutations. In 1Timothy, κατ ' ἐπιταγὴν accordingto the commandment, and in Titus κατὰ πίστιν etc., according to the faith, etc. Κατ ' ἐπαγγελίαν , though in other connections, Acts href="/desk/?q=ac+13:23&sr=1">Acts 13:23; Galatians 3:29. Ἑπαγγελία , primarily announcement, but habitually promise in N.T. In Pastorals only here and 1 Timothy 4:8. With the promise of the life in Christ goes the provision for its proclamation. Hence the apostle, in proclaiming “ye shall live; through Christ,” is an apostle according to the promise. [source]
“With a view to the fulfilment of the promise.” See note on Titus 1:1 for this same use of κατα kata For κατ επαγγελιαν kat' epaggelian see Galatians 3:29. See 1 Timothy 4:8 for the phrase “promise of life.” Here or there “life that in Christ Jesus” includes the present as well as the future. [source]
“God-breathed.” Late word (Plutarch) here only in N.T. Perhaps in contrast to the commandments of men in Titus 1:14. Profitable (ωπελιμος ōphelimos). See note on 1 Timothy 4:8. See Romans 15:4. Four examples of προς pros (facing, with a view to, for): διδασκαλιαν didaskalian teaching; ελεγμον elegmon reproof, in lxx and here only in N.T.; επανορτωσιν epanorthōsin correction, old word, from επανορτοω epanorthoō to set up straight in addition, here only in N.T., with which compare επιδιορτοω epidiorthoō in Titus 1:5; παιδειαν paideian instruction, with which compare Ephesians 6:4. [source]
See note on 1 Timothy 4:8. See Romans 15:4. Four examples of προς pros (facing, with a view to, for): διδασκαλιαν didaskalian teaching; ελεγμον elegmon reproof, in lxx and here only in N.T.; επανορτωσιν epanorthōsin correction, old word, from επανορτοω epanorthoō to set up straight in addition, here only in N.T., with which compare επιδιορτοω epidiorthoō in Titus 1:5; παιδειαν paideian instruction, with which compare Ephesians 6:4. [source]
Pastoolxx. Comp. 1 Timothy 4:8; 2 Timothy 3:16. [source]
See same phrase in 1 Timothy 4:8, προς καιρον pros kairon in Luke 8:13, προς ωραν pros hōran in John 5:35. [source]
Supply ημερας hēmeras (day) after αυριον aurion This is the reading of B (Westcott) “on the morrow” (genitive of time), but Aleph K L cursives have το της αυριον to tēs aurion (“the matter of tomorrow”), while A P cursives have τα της αυριον ta tēs aurion (“the things of tomorrow”). The sense is practically the same, though το της αυριον to tēs aurion is likely correct.What is your life? (ποια η ζωη υμων poia hē zōē humōn). Thus Westcott and Hort punctuate it as an indirect question, not direct. Ποια Poia is a qualitative interrogative (of what character).As vapour This is the answer. Old word for mist (like ατμος atmos from which our “atmosphere”), in N.T. only here and Acts 2:19 with καπνου kapnou (vapour of smoke (from Joel 2:30).For a little time (προς ολιγον pros oligon). See same phrase in 1 Timothy 4:8, προς καιρον pros kairon in Luke 8:13, προς ωραν pros hōran in John 5:35.That appeareth and then vanisheth away Present middle participles agreeing with ατμις atmis “appearing, then also disappearing,” with play on the two verbs (παινομαι απανιζω phainomaiαπανης aphanizō as in Matthew 6:19, from παν aphanēs hidden Hebrews 4:13) with the same root παινω απανης phan (phainōȧphaṅēs). [source]
This is the answer. Old word for mist (like ατμος atmos from which our “atmosphere”), in N.T. only here and Acts 2:19 with καπνου kapnou (vapour of smoke (from Joel 2:30).For a little time (προς ολιγον pros oligon). See same phrase in 1 Timothy 4:8, προς καιρον pros kairon in Luke 8:13, προς ωραν pros hōran in John 5:35.That appeareth and then vanisheth away Present middle participles agreeing with ατμις atmis “appearing, then also disappearing,” with play on the two verbs (παινομαι απανιζω phainomaiαπανης aphanizō as in Matthew 6:19, from παν aphanēs hidden Hebrews 4:13) with the same root παινω απανης phan (phainōȧphaṅēs). [source]